This paper examines the issues relating to self-assessment, such as the different types of self-assessment, its uses, and its validity. It also reviews the literature (largely from developed countries) that informs our knowledge of self-assessment. The paper makes recommendations for future research and concludes that while much remains to be done to assure that self-assessment has the impact i...

drought as a climatic phenomenon affected many different environmental issues and generally is associated with the decreasing in average precipitation. evaluation and monitoring of the drought is a fundamental step in proper programming of water resources management. regarding the recent conditions water scarcity in the urmia lake basin, assessment of the drought index in this region is inevita...

In 1999, Medicare implemented a resource-based relative value unit (RVU) system for physician practice expense payments, and increased the number of services for which practice expense payments differ by site. Using 1998-2004 data, we examined RVU growth and decomposed that growth into resource-based RVUs, site of service, and service quantity and mix. We found that the number services with sit...

complicacy, variety and ever-increasing changes, assumed as outstandingly evident organizational environment features, impose a situation where inconsiderate attitude or carelessness could end in loss of competitiveness or even survival among rivals. today, organizations have come to the point that nothing, but knowledge and innovation could make them desirably successful in a competitive world...

background and aims: given the ever-increasing importance and value of information, providing management with a reliable information system, which can facilitate decision making regarding planning, organization and control, is vitally important. this study aimed to analyze and evaluate information needs at statistics and medical records departments of iranian medical universities. the findings ...

In order to cope with the rapid changes in the world, enterprises utilize project management methodology to globally outsource their works and to evaluate their internal and external work performance. Of all the project management techniques, Earned Value Management (EVM) is the major one that provides a method to evaluate project performance by integrating schedule and cost of work packages. E...

Pain is an understudied problem in frail elderly patients, especially those with cognitive impairment, delirium, or dementia. The focus of this study was to describe the pain experienced by patients in skilled nursing homes, which have a high prevalence of cognitive impairment. A random sample of 325 subjects was selected from ten community skilled nursing homes. Subjects underwent a cross-sect...