This study estimates the prevalence of cigarette, alcohol, and marijuana use in a nationally representative sample of monoracial/ethnic and biracial/ethnic youth and young adults. The authors consider 16 racial/ethnic categories and used four waves of data from the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health. The analysis sample consists of 20,745 individuals in Wave 1. The primary statist...

This paper investigates the extent to which households in rural Thailand across income distribution are able mitigate risks face of shocks. It uses especially high-quality household and consumption data spanning 64 Thai villages over 15 years. The identifies shocks by village-level variations during drought conditions. finds that richer better risk than poorer households, contrast some studies ...

Sedentary behavior and physical inactivity are significant contributors to youth obesity in the United States. Neighborhood dog walking is an outlet for physical activity (PA). Therefore, understanding the relationship between built environment, dog ownership, and youth PA is essential. This study examined the influence of dog ownership and parental built environment perceptions on children's P...

In 1942, The Japanese Occupation of Singapore (1942-1945) interrupted British rule in and paved the way for island-city’s independence 1965. scholarly literature on this dramatic traumatic period usually focus military aspects capitulation to invasion or submerge officers civilian administrators’ efforts mobilize discipline children youth within broader examination social policies. This article...

Anecdotal evidence suggests an increase in entitled attitudes and behaviors of youth in school and college settings. Using a newly developed scale to assess ‘‘academic entitlement’’ (AE), a construct that includes expectations of high grades for modest effort and demanding attitudes towards teachers, this research is the first to investigate the phenomenon systematically. In two separate sample...

Structural barriers constrain marginalized youths' development of work salience and vocational expectations. Sociopolitical development (SPD), the consciousness of, and motivation to reduce, sociopolitical inequality, may facilitate the negotiation of structural constraints. A structural model of SPD's impact on work salience and vocational expectations was proposed and its generalizability tes...

Racial identity development among college students with parents from different heritage groups was largely unexplored until the 1990s, when two forces—one demographic, the other theoretical—converged to stimulate interest in understanding the experiences and identities of biracial and multiracial youth. The increasing number of students from two or more races (Renn, 2004) drew the attention of ...

BACKGROUND Tobacco consumption (TC) among youths poses significant public health problem in developing countries. This study utilized the data of Global Youth Tobacco Survey (GYTS), 2007 to examine and compare youth TC behavior in Bangladesh, Nepal and Sri Lanka. METHODS The GYTS covered a total of 2,242 Bangladeshi, 1,444 Nepalese and 1,377 Sri-Lankan youths aged 13-15 years. They represente...

IMPORTANCE Identifying community-based programs that increase physical activity among diverse youth could yield sustainable tools to reduce obesity and obesity disparities. OBJECTIVE To evaluate the impact of a community-based after-school soccer and youth development program, America SCORES, on students' physical activity, weight status, and fitness. DESIGN Cluster-randomized trial. Study ...

Obesity is a major healthcare problem with more than six out of 10 Australian adults (1), and around one in four of all children and adolescents (2), being overweight or obese – a situation that is predicted to continue to worsen over the next 15 years (1). Childhood obesity is associated with numerous comorbidities (3), including a propensity to insulin resistance, which can lead to type 2 dia...