In the context of mapping and mobile vision services, the recognition of objects of the urban infrastructure plays an important role. E.g., the recognition of buildings can foster pointers to relevant information spaces, such as, annotation services, it can provide a semantic index for scene understanding, and can enable more efficient navigation by direct reference to landmark buildings. The p...

Urban underground space is an important non-renewable resource, and its value has increased in recent decades. Economic change and development is the most fundamental motive of evolution of the urban space, it also affected urban underground spatial development in a large degree. The paper try to analysis the urban economic affection in mechanism of evolution of urban underground space. The onl...