OBJECTIVE Deep hypothermic circulatory arrest for neonatal heart surgery poses the risk of brain damage. Several studies suggest that pH-stat management during cardiopulmonary bypass improves neurologic outcome compared with alpha-stat management. This study compared neurologic outcome in a survival piglet model of deep hypothermic circulatory arrest between alpha-stat and pH-stat cardiopulmona...

effects of acute hypercapnia on the cardiovascular system (cys) were studied in the anesthetized cat. after surgery the animal was exposed to a gas mixture of 12% co2 and 25% o2 in nitrogen, and hypercapnia with low levels of arterial ph (pha) was produced for 20 minutes. in the second run the same level of hypercapnia was induced by ventilating the same cat from the above gas mixture but pha w...

Left heart failure is currently the most prevalent cause of pulmonary hypertension (PH) worldwide and this is due mainly to the increased left ventricular and pulmonary venous pressures seen in this condition. Still, a quota of patients with left heart failure will have a pulmonary arterial disease "disproportionate" to the initial increase of left-sided pressures. Whatever the mechanism involv...

Wagner, Peter D., Mauricio Araoz, Robert Boushel, José A. L. Calbet, Birgitte Jessen, Göran Rådegran, Hilde Spielvogel, Hans Søndegaard, Harrieth Wagner, and Bengt Saltin. Pulmonary gas exchange and acid-base state at 5,260 m in high-altitude Bolivians and acclimatized lowlanders. J Appl Physiol 92: 1393–1400, 2002. First published November 16, 2001; doi:10.1152/japplphysiol.00093. 2001.—Pulmon...

OBJECTIVES This study sought to define the prevalence, severity, and significance of pulmonary hypertension (PH) in heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) in the general community. BACKGROUND Although HFpEF is known to cause PH, its development is highly variable. Community-based data are lacking, and the relative contribution of pulmonary venous versus pulmonary arterial hype...

OBJECTIVE The objective of this study is to assess if venous blood gas (VBG) results (pH and base excess [BE]) are numerically similar to arterial blood gas (ABG) in acutely ill trauma patients. METHODS We prospectively correlated paired ABG and VBG results (pH and BE) in adult trauma patients when ABG was clinically indicated. A priori consensus threshold of clinical equivalence was set at ±...

BACKGROUND Pulmonary hypertension (PH) of various causes leads to a poor prognosis. Pulmonary vasoreactivity testing during right heart catheterization (RHC) has prognostic and therapeutic consequences. OBJECTIVE To characterize the acute hemodynamic response to short-term oxygen supplementation (SHOT) in adult PH patients and its impact on prognosis. METHODS After a stable baseline period,...

OBJECTIVE To evaluate the association between umbilical cord pH at birth and long term outcomes. DESIGN Systematic review and meta-analysis. DATA SOURCES Medline (1966-August 2008), Embase (1980-August 2008), the Cochrane Library (2008 issue 8), and Medion, without language restrictions; reference lists of selected articles; and contact with authors. STUDY SELECTION Studies in which cord ...

Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is well known to be associated with left heart failure, which is probably the single most common cause of abnormally elevated pulmonary arterial pressure ( 25 mm Hg by consensus).1–3 Estimates range up to 250 000 patients with PH associated with heart failure in the United States today,3,4 making it far more prevalent than other forms of PH. Consistent with this, mor...

Pulmonary gas exchange and acid-base state were compared in nine Danish lowlanders (L) acclimatized to 5,260 m for 9 wk and seven native Bolivian residents (N) of La Paz (altitude 3,600-4,100 m) brought acutely to this altitude. We evaluated normalcy of arterial pH and assessed pulmonary gas exchange and acid-base balance at rest and during peak exercise when breathing room air and 55% O2. Desp...