Conservative Mastectomies provide removal of the entire breast parenchyma, saving the outer covering of the mammary gland with the possibility of performing an immediate reconstruction preserving women body image. With the oxymoron “conservative mastectomies”, we indicate Skin-Sparing Mastectomies (SSM), Nipple-Areola Complex-Sparing Mastectomies (NSM) and Skin-Reducing Mastectomies (SRM). Even...

Sexually dimorphic plants provide an excellent opportunity for examining the differences in the extent of their defense against herbivores because they exhibit sex-related differences in reproductive investment. Such differences enable comparison of the sex with high reproduction expenses with the sex that expends less. The more costly sex is usually also better defended against herbivores. Gen...

1 present their method for creating the new nipple/areola recipient site in vertical mammaplasty. Any design of a new nipple/areola recipient site must be based on clear objectives. Fortunately , most of these objectives are widely accepted and are not subject to opinion. Ideally, the nipple sits at the apex of the breast, and the areola margin is circular. 2 How well does the authors' techniqu...

Aim: To review the oncological safety and aesthetic advantage of skin-sparing mastectomy (SSM) for invasive breast cancer (IBC) and ductal carcinoma in-situ (DCIS). Controversies including the impact of radiotherapy (RT) on immediate breast reconstruction (IBR), preservation of the nipple-areola complex (NAC) and the role of endoscopic mastectomy are also considered. Methods: Literature review ...

Corresponding author: Hsiu-Cheng Hsu, Department of Dermatology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, No. 199, Tunghwa N Rd., Taipei, 105, Taiwan TEL: 886-2-27135211 ext. 3397 FAX: 886-2-27191623 E-mail: [email protected] Funding source: none Confl ict of interest: none declared CASE REPORT A 53-year-old man presented with a 20year history of asymptomatic, progressive pigmented thickening of hi...

BACKGROUND A preliminary report on a new technique for dermal overlap subareolar mastopexy appeared in 2001. OBJECTIVE This paper reports on a series of 117 patients who underwent subareolar mastopexy and describes several modifications of the original technique. METHODS Preoperative markings defined the upper edge of the new areola position, the circumferential outline, and the outer edge ...