In the development of groupware systems a well designed communications infrastructure is required, due to the high complexity of the communication scenario. Also, the design and implementation of coordination and collaboration mechanisms depends on the communications infrastructure. Actually there are no well known guidelines to design this infrastructure. Therefore, this paper proposes an arch...

TRADITIONALLY, SOFTWARE architects were entrusted with making “decisions that are costly to change.”1 Because these decisions often had to be made early in the project, architects drew on their experience and ability to abstract to get them right. Repeated project cost and timeline overruns have demonstrated, though, that trying to plan all features and decide the system structure early in a pr...

In this paper we introduce a content-oriented scheme for protocol studies of designers and demonstrate its benefit for CAAD research. The structure of the coding scheme is described. We discuss how this method can benefit CAAD research and its differences from the process-oriented method used previously. With this method we analyze data to describe the design process as the combination of senso...

My colleagues and I developed an approach to proving correctness of architectural reenement hierarchies that depended upon treating architectural speciications as axiomatizations of rst-order theories. This paper explores the consequences of an alternative approach to formalizing the content of speciications in logic. A speciication is treated as a depiction of a particular relational structure...

I review several bodies of empirical urban theory relevant to the archaeological analysis of ancient cities. Empirical theory is a type of “middlerange theory” (following Robert Merton): sets of concepts and methods that are less abstract, and have greater empirical content, than high-level social theory. The categories of theory reviewed here include environment-behavior theory, architectural ...

meaning is both the reference and the content and their concomitant mental associations. the current research aims to find the meaning of home and its constituents in the everyday life of house residents. in this perspective, we seek to investigate this meaning-making processes through exploring the represented houses in four iranian movies in tehran. therefore, “freeway”, “sealed secret”, “sa’...

banjarmasin is known as a tidal waterfront city and it is called city of a thousand rivers. thecity level was approximately -16 cm below the sea level and almost a swamp-land. the urbanization and the citydevelopment programs have changed the city’s physical and spatial plan from a wetland to a mainland structure. theissues of the city's transformation have changed the city structure from ...

The writings of Walter Benjamin include appropriations and transformations of modernist architectural history and theory that offer an opportunity to broaden the interpretation of how the relationship between the 'unconscious' and technologically aided 'optics' is figured in his commentaries on cultural modernity. This essay focuses on three moments in his writings, each of which touches on thi...

In this paper, we present an approach to microadaptivity, i.e. to adaptivity within complex learning situations as they occur, e.g., in game-based learning. Integrating the competence-based knowledge space theory and the information-processing theory of human problem solving we developed a sound model as a basis for microadaptivity and continuous competence state monitoring. The architectural d...