Background: Early nutritional support in critical illness is important. There exists a debate about whether and when to initiate enteral nutrition as opposed to feeding parenterally. In addition to other indicators, nonspecific indicators such as bowel sound are used in the decision, but there is little evidence to show the value of bowel sound. Methods: Feeding intolerance was assessed and cor...

The movement protein genes from several isolates of ArMV and GFLV of different geographical origins were amplified by RT/PCR using degenerate primers, cloned and sequenced. A single pair of degenerate primers was designed from these sequences to allow the simultaneous amplification of parts of the movement protein genes of ArMV and GFLV. Their use in an immunocapture-RT/PCR for the detection of...

Outlier detection and environmental association analysis are common methods to search for loci or genomic regions exhibiting signals of adaptation to environmental factors. However, a validation of outlier loci and corresponding allele distribution models through functional molecular biology or transplant/common garden experiments is rarely carried out. Here, we employ another method for valida...

Most land plants live in association with arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi and rely on this symbiosis to scavenge phosphorus (P) from soil. The ability to establish this partnership has been lost in some plant lineages like the Brassicaceae, which raises the question of what alternative nutrition strategies such plants have to grow in P-impoverished soils. To understand the contribution of pla...

this paper aims at studying the effects of work/family conflict and family/ work conflict as a result of work alienation. some theories of goffman, duxbury and higgins, kirchmeyer and cohen, merton, inglehart and faunce are applied in the study. the research is conducted through a survey method. stratified random sampling has been used for selection of the samples. main data collection method f...