Thin films of Al2O3 have been deposited on ITO-coated glass substrates by a sol-gel dipcoat process. Aluminium isopropoxide (Al(OC3H7)3) was used as the Al source material. X-ray diffraction measurements show that these films are amorphous. Scanning electron microscopy and atomic force microscopy images of the films have revealed a relatively flat surface with no cracks. The dielectric properti...

The electrochemical entrapment of polyaniline (PANI) onto sol-gel derived tetraethylorthosilicate (TEOS) films deposited onto indium-tin-oxide (ITO) coated glass has been utilized for immobilization of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH). The performance of these sol-gel/PANI/LDH electrodes has been investigated as a function of the lactate concentration, applied potential, pH of the medium and interfe...

Colloidal suspensions are used to generate polymers or particles from which ceramic materials can be made by the sol-gel process. The precursors for preparation of a colloidal suspension consist of a metal element surrounded by various ligands (attached groups not including another metal). For example, common precursors for sol-gel synthesis of aluminum oxide include inorganic salts such as Al(...

A sensitive interference refractive index sensor based on composite optical waveguide (COWG) was developed. Sol-gel technique used to prepare TiO2 sol, and the film fixed surface of single-mode potassium ion-exchange (PIE) (OWG) by dip-coating annealing treatment fabricate an device. The between zeroth-order transverse electric (TE0) magnetic (TM0) modes laser beam which transport in COWG cause...

We report on the fabrication of diffraction gratings in photosensitive sol–gel thin films by direct contact printing using a UV-mercury lamp. Titanium amplitude masks were used to replicate diffraction gratings into photosensitive sol–gel films by contact printing with an incoherent UV-light source. Gratings with 1-mm period were fabricated in sol–gel films. The diffraction efficiencies of each...

The overall objective of this research is to enhance the bioactivity of cellulase enzymes as well as the stability of the enzymes to increase it reusability through immobilization of the enzymes in the microenvironment of porous inorganic-organic hybrid sol-gel polymers. Recently, we have discovered that the microenvironment of these sol-gel polymers markedly increases the bioactivity of immobi...

The sol-gel method is a simple and facile wet chemical process for fabricating advanced materials with high homogeneity, high purity, and excellent chemical reactivity at a relatively low temperature. By adjusting the processing parameters, the sol-gel technique can be used to prepare hollow sphere and 1D structural materials that exhibit a wide application in the fields of catalyst, drug or ge...

Kaolin has been widely used as an adsorbent to remove heavy metal ions from aqueous solutions. However, the lower heavy metal adsorption capacity of kaolin limits its practical application. A novel environmental friendly material, calcium alginate immobilized kaolin (kaolin/CA), was prepared using a sol-gel method. The effects of contact time, pH, adsorbent dose, and temperature on Cu2+ adsorpt...

Development of highly cost-effective, highly operation-convenient and highly efficient natural polymer-based adsorbents for their biodegradability and biocompatibility, and supply of safe drinking water are the most threatening problems in water treatment field. To tackle the challenges, a new kind of efficient recyclable magnetic chitosan/cellulose hybrid microspheres was prepared by sol-gel m...

Introduction. Polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) are undoubtedly the most important group of organohalogenated compounds that captures the attention of environmental scientists in recent years. PBDEs are widely used flame retardant additives in polymers and textiles and are present in nearly all of our daily appliances. There are growing evidences that these brominated flame retardants are ...