Aquatic products decrease environmental burdens and improve human health by supplying various essential nutrients, while their contamination with metal(loid)s could pose risks to humans through food chain. In this study, the concentrations, trophic magnification of multiple in aquatic were analyzed, including arsenic, cadmium, mercury, lead, cobalt, manganese, iron, copper, nickel zinc. The res...

Freshwater lakes encounter a series of problems, such as decline in lake water quality, sharp decrease biodiversity, and ecological degradation. As such, lacustrine studies by highly skilled professionals managers with resources at home abroad have focused on assessing the aquatic ecosystem health status lakes. In this study, largest freshwater China (Poyang Lake) was assessed, its temporal spa...

The faster growth of aquaculture has ensued in a series of developments harmful to the human and aquatic animal health as well as environment. People are using various prophylactic antibiotics indiscriminately in aquaculture mainly developing countries to prevent different bacterial infections resulting from sanitary shortcomings in fish and shellfish rearing. Also, the abuse of wide variety hu...

Microorganisms are ubiquitous in all habitats and are recognized by their metabolic versatility and ability to produce many bioactive compounds, including toxins. Some of the most common toxins present in water are produced by several cyanobacterial species. As a result, their blooms create major threats to animal and human health, tourism, recreation and aquaculture. Quite a few cyanobacterial...

Microplastics (MPs) represent small plastic particles with sizes between 1 μm and 5 mm, are insoluble in water, andclassified as primary (these originally produced sizes) or secondary (the result of the degradation plastic) types. MPs accumulate all ecosystems, including freshwater environments, where they subjected to processes. Due their ubiquitous nature, which have a vital importance human ...

Ensuring the health of aquatic ecosystems and identifying species at risk from the detrimental effects of environmental contaminants can be facilitated by integrating analytical chemical analysis with carefully selected biological endpoints measured in tissues of species of concern. These biological endpoints include molecular, biochemical, and physiological markers (i.e., biomarkers) that when...

Several groups of microorganisms are capable of producing toxins in aquatic environments. Cyanobacteria are prevalent blue green algae in freshwater systems, and many species produce cyanotoxins which include a variety of chemical irritants, hepatotoxins and neurotoxins. Production and occurrence of potent neurotoxic cyanotoxins β-N-methylamino-L-alanine (BMAA), 2,4-diaminobutyric acid dihydroc...

The broad field of comparative pharmacology has as a goal "to take advantage of the diversity of form and function [of all animals] to increase our knowledge of general principles" of drug or xenobiotic interactions with the living organism (1). Our current perspective on the comparative approach is derived largely from the seminal conference on comparative pharmacology held in 1967 under the j...

OBJECTIVE To investigate the effectiveness of aquatic exercise in the management of musculoskeletal conditions. DATA SOURCES A systematic review was conducted using Ovid MEDLINE, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature, Embase, and The Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials from earliest record to May 2013. STUDY SELECTION We searched for randomized controlled trial...

The colorful carotenoid pigments are known as biological active compounds that have beneficial effects on the metabolism of animals and humans. Carotenoids provide protection against several stressors, including UV radiation, reactive oxygen species and free radicals, have important roles in vision, and act as precursors of transcription regulators and in the immune system. Studies on human nut...