In this work, leakage radiation from EA200 series electron applicators on Siemens Primus accelerators is quantified, and its penetration ability in water and/or the shielding material Xenolite-NL established. Initially, measurement of leakage from 10 x 10 - 25 x 25 cm2 applicators was performed as a function of height along applicator and of lateral distance from applicator body. Relative to ce...

PURPOSE The superior image quality of 3 tesla (3T) magnetic resonance (MR) imaging in cervical cancer offers the potential to use a single image set for brachytherapy. This study aimed to determine a suitable single sequence for contouring tumour and organs at risk, applicator reconstruction, and treatment planning. MATERIAL AND METHODS A 3T (Skyra, Siemens Healthcare AG, Germany) MR imaging ...

Up to date, no worldwide standard in vitro method has been established for the determination of the sun protection factor (SPF), since there are many problems in terms of its repeatability and reliability. Here, we have studied the problems on the in vitro SPF measurements brought about by the phenomenon called viscous fingering. A spatially periodic stripe pattern is usually formed spontaneous...

Heterogeneities existing in the patient during treatment are neglected, as the treated subject is considered homogeneous in most of the commercially-available treatment planning systems (TPSs) used for high dose rate (HDR) brachytherapy. The choice of a suitable dosimeter for experimental dosimetry near the HDR source is crucial, mainly due to existence of steep dose gradients. The present work...

It is well known that, in focused ultrasonic systems, the radiated beams through tissues converge around a focal point. This phenomenon produces a temperature increment over 56°C in few seconds, at the focus by the mechanical waves energy transformation into heat, due to acoustic absorption in the tissue. This can originate thermal coagulation, instantaneous cell damage or instantaneous ablatio...

INTRODUCTION In radiotherapy, megaelectron volt (MeV) electrons are employed for treatment of superficial cancers. Magnetic fields can be used for deflection and deformation of the electron flow. A magnetic field is composed of non-uniform permanent magnets. The primary electrons are not mono-energetic and completely parallel. Calculation of electron beam deflection requires using complex mathe...

PURPOSE Intraoperative electron beam radiation therapy (IOERT) involves a modified strategy of conventional radiation therapy and surgery. The lack of specific planning tools limits the spread of this technique. The purpose of the present study is to describe a new simulation and planning tool and its initial evaluation by clinical users. METHODS AND MATERIALS The tool works on a preoperative...

The purpose of this study is to survey the current patterns of practice, and barriers to implementation, of 3D image-guided brachytherapy (3D-IGBT) for cervical cancer in Japan. A 30-item questionnaire was sent to 171 Japanese facilities where high-dose-rate brachytherapy devices were available in 2012. In total, 135 responses were returned for analysis. Fifty-one facilities had acquired some s...