introduction: blood contamination of the canal during preparation can be a major problem in endodontics; this may result in apical microleakage. the aim of this in vitro study was to evaluate the effect of blood on apical microleakage of a resin-based root canal sealer (ah26) and a polymer-based root canal sealer (epiphany). materials & methods: in this experimental study, 50 decoronated centra...

background: root morphology is of utmost importance to endodontic sciences. since there are a few studies on the morphology of mandibular second molars’ roots, and some anatomical variables are not evaluated before, the aim of this study was to investigate thoroughly radicular anatomy of this tooth. materials and methods: this ex vivo study was performed on 150 intact mandibular second molars. ...

Apical periodontitis is an inflammatory lesion in the periodontal tissues that is caused mostly by bacterial elements derived from the infected root canal system of teeth (Core concept 7.1). In non-treated teeth apical periodontitis represents a defensive response to a primary infection in a necrotic pulp. Apical periodontitis may also develop due to a secondary infection subsequent to endodont...

introduction : proper apical seal and obturation density are essential to long-term success of root canal therapy (rct). the apical seal and density of lateral compaction techniques using stainless-steel and nickel-titanium spreaders and vertical compaction with beefill device were compared in this in vitro study. materials and methods: a total of 66 extracted maxillary central incisors were in...