A recent paper by Russell concluded that sharp annual increases in the price of cigarettes should be an essential part of any programme aiming to reduce cigarette smoking by men in the United Kingdom. The present paper reports results of research indicating, however, that men in this country respond very little to changes in price of cigarettes but have been more influenced, albeit temporarily,...

The international character of the problem of smoking has become widely recognised.'-5 Although it is the fourth largest producer of tobacco in the world, relatively little has been written about the problem in the USSR. Since the economy is centrally planned and marketing of tobacco products is under direct government control it might be expected that the Soviet Union would implement different...

In this article, the author deals with a number of aspects connected to the theme of access to justice and in so doing refers in particular to the most recent disputes that have been brought before the Court of Justice in Luxembourg. The author argues that there is a need to establish clearly, at the outset, the preconditions that natural or legal person must satisfy before they can turn to the...

Through the course of human civilization, law and order has been a constantly pressing issue, dealt by monarchs and democracies in varying ways. In this project, we look at predictability of yearly totals of crime (concentrating on burglaries) in neighborhoods of Pittsburgh, given census data detailing characteristics of ethnicity, education, employment, population, transport, environment (natu...

In traditional economic models, taxes change behavior by changing prices. empirical analyses, factors other than price are thought to be relevant, but any nonprice usually assumed held constant as vary. We contend that violations of this assumption expected when laws passed sin taxes. support claim, we document state-level cigarette tax increases concomitant with in antismoking appropriations, ...

Steganography and steganalysis received a great deal of attention from media and law enforcement. Many powerful and robust methods of steganography and steganalysis have been developed. In this paper we are considering the methods of steganalysis that are to be used for this processes. Paper giving some idea about the steganalysis and its method. Keywords— Include at least 5 keywords or phrases

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BACKGROUND The most predominant form of tobacco use is cigarette smoking, and it poses serious threats to maternal and child health. The magnitude of cigarette smoking in pregnancy in our environment is not well-known. The study aimed to determine the prevalence of cigarette smoking among pregnant women in Enugu, Nigeria as well as their exposures and perceptions of cigarette smoking advertisem...

OBJECTIVES The present study was designed to investigate the smoking and heavy smoking trends and identify possible related factors among Korean male workers from 2007 to 2012 by occupational groups. METHODS The data were derived from the fourth (2007-2009) and fifth (2010-2012) waves of the Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES). Occupational groups were categorise...

OBJECTIVES We used a validated copy test method to examine the effectiveness of 8 types of antismoking advertisements representing health, counterindustry, and industry approaches. We tested the hypothesis that health ads about tobacco victims can lower most adolescents' intent to smoke if the ads elicit disgust and anti-industry feelings rather than fear. We hypothesized null effects for adole...