atrial fibrillation (af) is the most common complication of coronary artery bypass graft surgery (cabg). the reported incidence of af after cabg varies from 20% to 40%. postoperative af (poaf) is associated with increased incidence of hemodynamic instability, thromboembolic events, longer hospital stays, and increased health care costs. a variety of pharmacological and nonpharmacological strate...

The direct effects of a renin inhibitor, N-acetyl-pepstatin and five angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors, captopril and the active diacid forms of enalapril, ramipril, cilazapril, and CS-622, on the vascular renin-angiotensin system were examined in isolated perfused rat mesenteric arteries. Vascular renin activity and angiotensin II (Ang II) released into the perfusate were determined. In...

Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are the leading cause of death and morbidity globally. The renin-angiotensin system is an important regulatory for maintaining cardiovascular renal function. Therefore, angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors angiotensin receptor blockers have emerged as first-line treatments conditions such hypertension heart failure. Currently available synthetic medications us...

A patient with congestive heart failure and moderate renal insufficiency developed severe reversible non-oliguric renal failure while on frusemide and enalapril. Renal failure developed when enalapril was given in the presence of pronounced sodium depletion. When positive sodium balance was restored the plasma creatinine concentration began to fall while angiotensin converting enzyme inhibition...

The paper presents the theoretical considerations on role of endocrine and metabolic alterations accompanying COVID-19 infection. These may be presumed basis following two observations. Firstly, virus SARS-CoV-2 responsible for infection uses an important renin–angiotensin system (RAS) element — angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) as a receptor protein entry into target cells and, in consequ...