1. Activity in all three known conducting systems (the nerve net, SS1, and SS2) may accompany feeding in Calliactis. The most marked response is an increase in pulse frequency in the SS2 (the endodermal slow conducting system) during mouth opening and pharynx protrusion. 2. Electrical stimulation of the SS2 at a frequency of one shock every 5 s elicits mouth opening and pharynx protrusion in th...

In this study, fractional differential transform method (FDTM), which is a semi analytical-numerical technique, is used for computing the eigenelements of the Sturm-Liouville problems of fractional order. The fractional derivatives are described in the Caputo sense. Three problems are solved by the present method. The calculated results are compared closely with the results obtained by some exi...

Archibald, R. M. (1944). J. biol. Chem. 154, 643. Coulson, R. A., Ellinger, P. & Holden, M. (1944). Biochem. J. 38, 150. Ellinger, P. (1946a). Biochem. J. 40, xxxi. Ellinger, P. (1946b). Biochem. J. 40, xxxii. Ellinger, P. & Coulson, R. A. (1944). Biochem. J. 38, 265. Ellinger, P., Fraenkel, G. & Abdel Kader, M. M. (1947). Biochem. J. 41, 559. Johnson, B. C. (1945). J. biol. Chem. 159, 227. Kon...

A new species of sea anemone from the intertidal zone of San Matias Gulf is described. Andvakia manoloi sp. nov. is a small and inconspicuous species that differs from other species of the genus in number of tentacles, number of mesenteries at proximal and distal part of the column, column division, muscles, cnidae, size, habit and distribution. Andvakia manoloi sp. nov. is the first species of...

Fishes are known to use chemical alarm cues from both conspecifics and heterospecifics to assess local predation risks and enhance predator detection. Yet it is unknown how recognition of heterospecific cues arises for coral reef fishes. Here, we test if naïve juvenile fish have an innate recognition of heterospecific alarm cues. We also examine if there is a relationship between the intensity ...

Drifting rafts of Macrocystis pyrifera may connect isolated kelp forests in the Southern California Bight. To determine which species might utilize this dispersal mechanism, faunal samples from natural drifting rafts and attached M. pyrifera plants were collected during five cruises between March 1995 and December 1997. These rafts, which can be considered as floating islands, were aged and the...

Krebs, H. A. & Henseleit, K. (1932). Hoppe-Seyl. Z. 210,33. Liebecq, C. (1953). Arch. int. Phy8iol. 61, 550. Long, C. (1952). Biochem. J. 50, 407. Mentha, J. & Voegtli, W. (1947). Helv. phy8iol. acta, 5, C43. Nelson, N. (1944). J. biol. Chem. 153, 375. Perlmutter, M., Weisenfeld, S. & Mufson, M. (1952). Endocrinology, 50, 442. Riesser, 0. (1947). Biochim. biophys. Acta, 1, 208. Snedecor, G. M. ...

Three new indolediterpenoids, namely, 22-hydroxylshearinine F (1), 6-hydroxylpaspalinine (2), and 7-O-acetylemindole SB (3), along with eight related known analogs (4-11), were isolated from the sea-anemone-derived fungus Penicillium sp. AS-79. The structures and relative configurations of these compounds were determined by a detailed interpretation of the spectroscopic data, and their absolute...

Sections of the stenotele type of nematocyst of Chlorohydra hadleyi have revealed that the stenotele, upon firing, completely everts its stylets and spines and the long, thin tubule, much as the eversion of the tubule of the nematocyst of the jewel anemone (Picken, 1953; Robson, 1953). Alternative mechanisms for supplying the energy necessary to forcefully discharge the stenotele contents are d...

Lipmann, F., Jones, M. E., Black, S. & Flynn, R. M. (1952). J. Amer. chem. Soc. 74, 2384. Lipmann, F. & Tuttle, L. C. (1945). J. biol. Chem. 161, 415. Lynen, F. & Ochoa, S. (1953). Biochim. biophys. Acta, 12, 299. Meijbaum, W. (1939). Hoppe-Seyl. Z. 258, 117. Ohlmeyer, P. (1938). Biochem. Z. 297, 66. Oliver, I. T. (1953). Cited by Bartley, W. & D)avies, R. E. (1954). Biochem. J. 57, 37. Parker,...