Among the agricultural important factors, inputs are the most significant in agricultural production. This article aimed to examine the impact of government subsidy policies on production of one of the most strategic products, namely on production of one of the most strategic products, namely maize, in Iran. To achieve this goal, panel data for the nine provinces of Iran's major producers of ma...

Of necessity, many tax-price elasticities are calculated from tax return data. Survey data on families’ charitable giving and reporting on their tax returns indicate that reporting is a significant part of tax-price elasticity estimates. Roughly a quarter of the tax-price elasticity estimated from tax returns represents changes in reporting as opposed to changes in actual donations. These resul...

In this paper we analyze whether the employment/productivity profile of growth as well as its sectoral pattern matter for poverty reduction. We also identify some conditions of the labor market which are associated with employment intensive growth or specific sectoral growth. We find that, in the short run, while the overall employment intensity of growth does not matter for poverty reduction, ...

In this paper we analyze whether the employment/productivity profile of growth as well as its sectoral pattern matter for poverty reduction. We also identify some conditions of the labor market which are associated with employment intensive growth or specific sectoral growth. We find that, in the short run, while the overall employment intensity of growth does not matter for poverty reduction, ...

T first of the Millennium Development Goals targets global poverty.1 The global poverty number is estimated by the World Bank as a worldwide count of people who live below a common international poverty line. This line, loosely referred to as the dollar-a-day line, is calculated as an average over the world’s poorest countries of their national poverty lines expressed in international dollars; ...

eiarnination the oil market and review the major oil importer countries, is a major need for guidance and marketing strategy for crude oil exporting countries. so that estimating the oil demand for importer countries and analysis the effective factors on their oil demand, can be an important factor in planning and policy making for oil exporting countries in order to sell oil. so iran is not an...

This paper proposes a m ethodology to assess the pro-poorness of governm ent fiscal policies in view of bringing m arginal reform s. A governm ent policy is said to be pro-poor if it benefits the poor proportionally m ore than the non-poor. The author first derives the poverty elasticity for the general class of poverty. Then, using the idea of poverty elasticity, she proposes a propoor index t...

Do online price estimates directly impact sales prices in the real estate market, and if so, how large is that impact? We develop an estimation model that uses the di↵erence between list prices and online price estimates to proxy for house specific unobservables. To account for neighborhood specific unobservables, we use neighborhood first di↵erencing. Using house price estimates, list prices a...