over the past years there has been a significant growth in corporate reporting of environmental,social and corporate governance (esg) factors. this study assesses whether esg ratings are related to firmperformance. through a multivariate analysis we have confirmed differences between the esg scores used toevaluate environmental, social and corporate governance factors of rated companies. we che...

the purpose of this study is to identify factors affecting the development of entrepreneurship in theagricultural advisory services companies. the main instrument to collect the data was questionnaire and itsvalidity of questionnaire is confirmed by experts and its reliability is measured through cronbach’s alpha(75%). the data were analyzed by spss software version 16. the finding showed that ...

one of the effective methods for improving the efficiency of an organization is benchmarking against successful organizations. not only benchmarking could be a technique for identifying problems but also it greatly helps managers in relations of the design of processes. among strategic and infrastructure industries in each country, the electricity industry is one of the most important and criti...

The study is an effort to fiind out the impact of earnings management on dividend payout policy for two coutries that is Pakistan and China. A set of listed Companies in both of the countries have been investigated to analyze the relationship for the year 2003 to 2007 in Pakistan and 2001 to 2007 in China. Dividend policy has been measured by dividend payout. Whereas earnings management has bee...

the study of entrepreneurial orientation concept and codifying a proper strategy to improve the performance of companies has a great importance as the companies have allocated more product market share to themselves by representing new and unique products according to customers’ requirements. the purpose of this study is to examine the impact of entrepreneurial orientation and competitive strat...