Medicinal plants are part and parcel of human society to combat diseases, from the dawn of civilization. Information about the benefits of herbal drugs is known in our ancient literature of Ayurvedic, Siddha, Unani and Chinese medicine. According to the WHO, 2003 about 80 % of the population of developing countries being unable to afford pharmaceutical drugs relies on traditional medicines, mai...

Games, with features such as voluntariness, fantasy, specific rules/goals, artificial gains/payoffs, competition or cooperation, sensory and motor involvement, challenge, control, low costs of trial and error, and associated amusement (Garris, Ahlers, & Driskell, 2002), might have existed as a type of leisure activity as early as the dawn of civilization, when adults had sufficient food and chi...

Yet the Renaissance was more than a "rebirth." It was also an age of new discoveries, both geographical (exploration of the New World) and intellectual. Both kinds of discovery resulted in changes of tremendous importance for Western civilization. In science, for example, Copernicus (1473-1543) attempted to prove that the sun rather than the earth was at the center of the planetary system, thus...

as a society, humans have continually sought new and efficient ways to communicate. The earliest methods included cave drawings, smoke signals, and drums. Advancements of civilization introduced written language, telegraph, radio/television, and most recently electronic mail. As more and more communication is conducted electronically, new needs, issues, and opportunities are born. Steganography...

The Egyptian Book of the Dead, a collection of coffin texts, has long been thought by Egyptologists to describe the journey of the soul in the afterlife, or the Am Duat. In fact, the so – called Book of the Dead describes the invisible Substratum, the “black hole” form of matter to which all matter returns, and from which all matter arises. The hieroglyphics of the Papyrus of Ani, for example, ...

Dairy Farming is a class of agricultural, or more properly, an animal husbandry enterprise, raising female cattle, goats, or certain other lactating livestock for long term production of Milk, which may be either processed on site or transported to a dairy for processing and eventual retail sale. Most dairy farms sell the male calves borne by their cows/buffaloes usually for real production, ra...

For most of history, economics did not have a separate identity apart from social thought in general. Even as late as the eighteenth century, Adam Smith viewed economics as a subset of jurisprudence. This makes the search for fIrst principles of economic reasoning more difficult, not because the intellectual cupboard of antiquity was bare, but because the subject boundaries between the social s...

THE MEDICINAL AND POISONOUS PLANTS OF SOUTHERN AFRICA.?By Professor J. M. Watt, m.tj., ch.B. (Edin.), and M. G. Bpeyer-Brandwijk, Phil, docta (Utrecht), Apotheker (Utrecht). Edinburgh: E. & S. Livingstone, 1932. Pp. xx plus 314. Illustrated. Price, Rs. 18-12. Obtainable from Butterworth and Co. (India), Ltd., Calcutta. The study of the indigenous drugs of ancient civilizations has attracted sci...

Culture is preserved through various documents which is a part of the civilization and heritage. Due to extinction and single document copies available for the future generations about the ancient scripts, the archiving of these documents in the digital process is the solution for these problems. In this paper, the aim is to restore the historical document from tears, stains and poor visibility...

arquetry, also known as moaragh, derived from intarsia or inlay, is the ar t and craft of producing pictures and decorative designs by the skillful use of the grain, figure, and color of thin veneers of wood and other materials. In marquetry, the design is applied to a prepared base material, unlike the related craft of inlay where decorative bandings or designs are let into a solid item for em...