PEnTrans is an automatic bidirectional English/ Persian text translator. It contains two main modules, PEnT1,2. PEnT1 translates English sentences into Persian and PEnT2 performs translation from Persian to English. WSD which is an important part in translation is done in both systems by employing a combination of extended dictionary and corpus based approaches in PEnT1 and employing a combinat...

OBJECTIVE The Cardiff Acne Disability Index (CADI) assesses the impact of acne on a patients life. The aim of the present study was to translate the CADI into Persian language and to validate the Persian version. METHODS Using standard forward-backward translation, 2 bilinguals translated the CADI into Persian language. We back translated it into English and the final version was provided. We...

This paper deals with several issues in the semantics of Persian noun-determination, which has long been of interest to linguists of various theoretical backgrounds, but has only recently started receiving attention from formally-oriented semanticists. The aim of this paper is to introduce and elaborate on several of the more promising newer approaches to the problem of Persian noundeterminatio...

In his seminal book on the historical periods of Western attitudes toward death, Philippe Aries describes four consecutive periods through which these attitudes evolved and transformed. According to him, the historical attitudes of Western cultures have passed through four major parts described above: "Tamed Death," One's Own Death," "Thy Death," and "Forbidden Death." This paper, after explori...

The aim of this study was to translate and cross-culturally adapt the swallowing quality-of-life questionnaire (SWAL-QOL) to Persian language and to determine validity and reliability of the Persian version of the swallow quality-of-life questionnaire (PSWAL-QOL) in the patients with oropharyngeal dysphagia.The cross-sectional survey was designed to translate and cross-culturally adapt SWAL-QOL...