The synthesis of citrulline from ornithine and arginine from citrulline has heretofore been associated only with intact liver cells. In the course of studies on the mechanism of the conversion of citrulline to a&nine, a highly active system was found in liver homogenate capable of forming urea in the presence of glutamic acid, adenosine triphosphate (ATP), cytochrome c, an oxygen atmosphere, an...

Cardiac myosin prepared by any one of a number of modifications of the basic Szent-Gyorgyi method and cardiac myosin prepared by the lithium chloride-ammonium sulfate technique differ in two important respects: 1) SzentGyorgyi-prepared myosin solutions are inhomogeneous by both chemical and immunologic criteria; 2) the ATPase activity of Szent-Gyorgyi-prepared myosin is low in comparison to lit...

An experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of the resin solid content, catalyst content, and pH value obtained by the addition of two kinds of catalysts on the gel time of a urea–formaldehyde (UF) resin. Upon the addition of ammonium chloride, the pH value of the resin mixture decreased to 7 but not significantly further because of the limited free formaldehyde in the system. The pH...

polyhydroxyalkanoates (phas) are bioplastics derived from renewable resources such as vegetable oils, corn starch, or microbes. the polyhydroxybutyrate (phb) is a short-chain-length pha, and the most important bioplastic produced by certain microorganisms in the presence of excess carbon sources. in this study batch cultivation of alcaligenes eutrophus with the aim of increasing phb production ...

Semliki Forest virus (SFV), an enveloped alphavirus, is a well-characterized paradigm for viruses that infect cells via endocytic uptake and low-pH-triggered fusion. The SFV spike protein is composed of a dimer of E1 and E2 transmembrane subunits, which dissociate upon exposure to low pH, liberating E2 and the fusogenic E1 subunit to undergo independent conformational changes. SFV fusion and in...

Monodisperse single-crystal hollow cerium dioxide nanocubes with exposed (001) facets have been synthesized with the assistance of ammonium chloride (NH4Cl) and polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) in a water and ethanol system. A series of experiments indicate that ammonium ion plays an important role in the formation of the hollow structure and PVP plays a key role in the formation of a cubic shape. Th...

A non-saccharified high stress corn mash system was used to study the acceleration of glycolysis in glucose ethanol fermentation by Saccharoniyces cerevisiae. It was found that the controlled addition of ammonium sulfate or ammonium chloride resulted in an accelerated glycolytic rate, independent of the final ethanol yield. Adding high levels of ammonium salt, however, resulted in decreased ext...

The title compound (C(5)H(14)NO)(4)[Cu(2)(CH(3)COO)(4)Cl(2)]Cl(2), consists of a pair of Cu(II) ions bridged by four acetate groups, resulting in a Cu(2)(CH(3)COO)(4) unit, four (3-hydroxy-prop-yl)dimethyl-ammonium cations (two crystallographically independent pairs) and two chloride anions. The Cu atoms at both termini are bonded to chloride anions. The latter are hydrogen bonded to one of the...

The electrical properties of water ice impact the study of diverse frozen environments, in particular the radar sounding of ice masses. The high-frequency response of meteoric polar ice depends partly on the bulk concentration of ammonium (NH4 ), but the nature of this response has been unclear. Here we use broadband dielectric spectroscopy to investigate the electrical response of laboratoryfr...

A mathematical model of erythrocyte lysis in isotonic solution of ammonium chloride is presented in frames of a statistical approach. The model is used to evaluate several parameters of mature erythrocytes (volume, surface area, hemoglobin concentration, number of anionic exchangers on membrane, elasticity and critical tension of membrane) through their sphering and lysis measured by a scanning...