The kidney consistently releases ammonia into the renal venous circulation of normal subjects and patients with compensated liver disease (1-4). Under conditions of normal acid-base balance, the quantity released usually approximates the amount of ammonia excreted into urine (3, 4). From determinations of arteriovenous ammonia differences across various organs, it has become apparent that the r...

The values given in the literature for the ammonia content of the brain show wide variation (l-3). Most of these values are of doubtful reliability, since the methods of estimation have not generally taken into account the presence of labile acid amides such as glutamine, which are now known to occur in the brain and which easily liberate ammonia on treatment with alkalies under the conditions ...

Glutamine synthetase (GSase), the enzyme that catalyses the conversion of glutamate and ammonia to glutamine, is present at high levels in vertebrate brain tissue and is thought to protect the brain from elevated ammonia concentrations. We tested the hypothesis that high brain GSase activity is critical in preventing accumulation of brain ammonia and glutamate during ammonia loading in the ammo...

A large deployment of energy storage solutions will be required by the stochastic and non-controllable nature most renewable sources when planning for higher penetration electricity into mix. Various have been suggested dealing with medium- long-term storage. Hydrogen ammonia are two frequently discussed as they both carbon-free fuels. In this paper, authors analyse cost efficiency hydrogen amm...

Ammonia has been suggested as a carbon-free hydrogen source, but a convenient method for producing hydrogen from ammonia with rapid initiation has not been developed. Ideally, this method would require no external energy input. We demonstrate hydrogen production by exposing ammonia and O2 at room temperature to an acidic RuO2/γ-Al2O3 catalyst. Because adsorption of ammonia onto the catalyst is ...

Silver nanoparticles were synthesized in the presence of saccharides and ammonia (NH3) in the concentration range from 10-2 to 103 ppm to develop an optical sensor for NH3 in aqueous solutions. Ammonia affects the features of the nanoparticles obtained in a concentration-dependent manner as determined by UV-vis absorption analysis and TEM observations. Structural and morphological analysis prov...

Ammonia is known to be a potent neurotoxin that causes severe negative effects on the central nervous system. Excessive ammonia levels have been detected in the brain of patients with neurological disorders such as Alzheimer disease (AD). Therefore, ammonia could be a factor contributing to the progression of AD. In this review, we provide an introduction to the toxicity of ammonia and putative...

Addition of ammonium salts to E. coli cells grown on a medium with glutamate as the sole nitrogen source is followed by rapid inactivation of glutamine synthetase (GS) I1 The active form of the enzyme (GSa) and the inactive form (GSb) have been isolated.2 Both forms behave similarly in the analytical ultracentrifuge, electrophoresis, and ion exchange chromatography. 2 In a cell-free system GSa ...

The disproportionate quantity of ammonia presence in water has led to serious drinkable water scarcity worldwide. The abundant source of mineral and superior cations selectivity has made natural zeolite as a good adsorbent for the ammonia removal. This work aims to fabricate natural zeolite based hollow fibre ceramic membrane (HFCM) via extrusion based phase inversion and sintering techniques f...

For long, ammonia has been branded as a harmful acid pollutant causing irreversible damage to the environment. Unlike other pollutants like nitrogen oxides (NOx) and sulphur oxides (SOx), ammonia causes acidification to the environment in a more complex and indirect way. The sequence of reactions between ammonia and acidic aerosols followed with microorganisms to form acidic HNO3 has been well ...