We present an extension of the ambient logic with fixed points operators in the style of the μ-calculus. We give a simple syntactic condition for the equivalence between minimal and maximal fixpoint formulas and show how to subsume spatial analogues of the usual box and diamond operators.

A novel fullerene cathode interlayer is employed to facilitate the fabrication of stable and efficient perovskite solar cells. This modified fullerene surfactant significantly increases air stability of the derived devices due to its hydrophobic characteristics to enable 80% of the initial PCE to be retained after being exposed in ambient condition with 20% relative humidity for 14 days.

A novel way of playing games called ambient gaming is defined and described. Growing out of ideas in ambient music, ambient gaming is defined as “ignorable as it is interesting” after Brian Eno’s description of ambient music. Ambient gaming is set in the context of existing games. Further, ambient games are set in a technological context, showing that the technology enabling their development i...

Oceanic uptake of anthropogenic carbon dioxide results in decrease in seawater pH and increase in temperature. In this study, we demonstrated the synergistic effects of elevated seawater temperature and declined seawater pH on gene expression patterns of aspein, calmodulin, nacrein, she-7-F10 and hsp70 in the pearl oyster Pinctada fucata. Under 'business-as-usual' scenarios, four treatments wer...

Out-wintering beef cows reduces annual housing costs and bedding requirements and there is less exposure to diseases associated with housing. However, to counter these benefits cows may be exposed to conditions that pose a significant challenge to welfare, and ways of assessing this are required. Two feeding treatments were applied to four groups of 10 cows (two groups/treatment), one to mainta...

this study aimed to identify and rank the most important environmental factors for the popularity of recreational sports in iran. only those sensitive aspects of the environment to which recreational sports should react were considered in order to survive. this study was performed consecutively in two qualitative and quantitative phases by mixed heuristic method. for this purpose the experts of...

The effect of the ambient conditions in the growth chamber of the molecular beam epitaxy machine during the growth of GaAs/Ales,Gae(i,As structures was investigated. Both growth-interrupted (120 s at each heterointerface) and uninterrupted surfaces and interfaces were evaluated using a growth temperature of 580 “C. Two ambient conditions were studied: (a) 1 x 10-r’ Torr 02; and (b) ultrahigh va...

OBJECTIVE Ambient fine particulate matter (PM2.5) pollution is currently a major public health concern in Chinese urban areas. However, PM2.5 exposure primarily occurs indoors. Given such, we conducted this study to characterize the indoor-outdoor relationship of PM2.5 mass concentrations for urban residences in Beijing. METHODS In this study, 24-h real-time indoor and ambient PM2.5 mass conc...