Public health advocates and scientists working on obesity prevention policy face challenges in balancing legal rights, individual freedom, and societal health goals. In particular, the US Constitution and the 50 state constitutions place limits on the ability of government to act, even in the best interests of the public. To help policymakers avoid crossing constitutional boundaries, we distill...

This paper develops a theory of efficient short-termism—the shareholders prefer shorttermism in project choice. Unlike previous theories, managers themselves prefer long-horizon projects, whereas short-termism maximizes firm value in the second-best case with optimal output-contingent wage contracts. Short-termism benefits the firm because it limits the managerial rent extraction that occurs wi...

To achieve responsible consumption and production under UN Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) 12, national agri-food need to be assessed against environmental limits. We downscaled the land-system change planetary boundary allocated national-scale cropland limits for via fair-share allocation based on population, biophysical available arable land. country-level utilisation of quantifying footpr...

Congestion cost allocation is an important issue in congestion management. This paper presents a genetic algorithm (GA) to determine the optimal generation levels in a deregulated market. The main issue is congestion in lines, which limits transfer capability of a system with available generation capacity. Nodal pricing method is used to determine locational marginal price (LMP) of each generat...

This paper highlights the need for adaptive resource management within the endsystem, in addition to the provision of basic QoS guarantees, in order to maximize the users’ perceived performance of their applications at any given time within the limits of the physical resources available. A prototype system developed within the Nemesis multimedia operating system [7] is described. The system pro...

In this paper, a strategy based on Genetic algorithm for optimal allocation of reactive power resources in distribution system with microgrid is presented. In the proposed approach uncertainty in power generation of renewable based DG is considered. The main objective is to allocate fixed and switched capacitors as reactive power resources for voltage control within the desired limits on a dist...

A standard double auction market collects bids from traders and matches them to find the most efficient allocation, assuming that the value of unsold items remains unchanged. In the market for perishable goods, sellers suffer a loss when they fail to sell their goods, because their salvage values are lost when the goods perish. To solve this problem, we investigate the design of an online doubl...

The airline revenue management problem can be decomposed into four distinct but related sub-problems that are usually treated separately: demand forecasting, overbooking, capacity allocation and pricing. Over the last decades, much interest has been devoted to the overbooking and capacity allocation issues and, today, most major airlines rely on computerized tools to deal with these two sub-pro...