We present a causal formalism, and its translation in DLV, one of the best-known working ASP implementation. We consider that this precise formalism has its own interest, however, our purpose here is not to propose a causal formalism. We describe a few problems we have encountered while trying to provide a program for such a formalism, and we make a few reflexions about this task. Since there a...

An unprecedented domino synthesis of tetrahydrobenzofuran-4-ones is described implicating chemoselective alkylation of various 1,3-cyclohexanediones with bromocrotonate or crotonitrile followed by oxa-Michael cyclization. Further transformations of this core to reach molecular diversity are also presented.

Katsumadain A, a naturally occurring influenza virus neuraminidase (NA) inhibitor, was synthesized by using a bioinspired, organocatalytic enantioselective 1,4-conjugate addition of styryl-2-pyranone with cinnamaldehyde, followed by a tandem Horner-Wadsworth-Emmons/oxa Michael addition.

Oxepanes are found in a wide range of natural products; however, they are challenging synthetic targets due to enthalpic and entropic barriers. Organocatalytic oxa-conjugate addition reactions promoted by the gem-disubstituent (Thorpe-Ingold) effect stereoselectively provided α,α'-trans-oxepanes. In addition, the potential of an organocatalytic tandem oxa-conjugate addition/α-oxidation was demo...

While the solution counting problem for propositional satisfiability (#SAT) has received renewed attention in recent years, this research trend has not affected other AI solving paradigms like answer set programming (ASP). Although ASP solvers are designed to enumerate all solutions, and counting can therefore be easily done, the involved materialization of all solutions is a clear bottleneck f...

We isolated and characterized mutants of Bartonella bacilliformis that are resistant to the fluoroquinolone antibiotic ciprofloxacin, which targets the A subunit of DNA gyrase. Mutants had single point mutations in the gyrA gene that changed either Asp-90 to Gly or Asp-95 to Asn and had 3- or 16-fold higher resistance, respectively, to ciprofloxacin than did wild-type B. bacilliformis. Asp-95 i...

For many practical applications of ASP, for instance data integration or planning, query answering is important, and therefore query optimization techniques for ASP are of great interest. Magic Sets are one of these techniques, originally defined for Datalog queries (ASP without disjunction and negation). Dynamic Magic Sets (DMS) are an extension of this technique, which has been proved to be s...

L-asparaginase (ASP) is an enzyme used as one of the basic regimens in the acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) therapy. Because of the possibility of the enzyme inactivation by antibodies, monitoring of ASP activity is essential. The aim of the study was to examine if plasma concentration of ammonia, a direct product of the reaction catalyzed by ASP, can be used in the assessment of ASP activity...

BACKGROUND To investigate the association between XPD Asp312Asn polymorphism and head and neck cancer risk through this meta-analysis. METHODS We performed a meta-analysis of 9 published case-control studies including 2,670 patients with head and neck cancer and 4,452 controls. An odds ratio (OR) with a 95% confidence interval (CI) was applied to assess the association between XPD Asp312Asn p...

Numerous studies have indicated that the human endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) gene Glu298Asp polymorphism is associated with coronary heart disease (CHD) susceptibility, however, their conclusions are inconsistent. The present meta‑analysis aimed to evaluate the precise result by searching the PubMed database and using 39 case‑control studies comprising 7489 cases and 7051 controls.Ea...