L-Glutamate (Glu)-induced current responses were studied in 119 isolated OFF-type bipolar cells of the cat retina. Cells were recorded by the patch clamp technique in the whole-cell configuration. Glu induced a current carried by alkali metal ions and divalent cations with a permeability ratio of PNa:PK:PCs:PCa = 1:0.94:1.32:0.57. Sensitivity to Glu was highest in the dendritic region. Kainate ...

According to the salt-linkage hypothesis (a part of the association-induction hypothesis), the binding of alkali-metal ions on isolated proteins may be low as a result of the masking of cation-binding fixed anionic groups by the formation of "salt linkages" between them and fixed cationic groups. This hypothesis has been verified in a quantitative manner by the measurement of free and adsorbed ...

Redox-active organic compounds have attracted substantial attention as charge storage materials, owing to their high theoretical capacity. Herein, a two-dimensional electrode material is prepared by using hydrothermally polymerized dopamine molecules on graphene nanosheets. Two-dimensional polydopamine employed positive for storing alkali metal ions based the surface redox reaction between oxyg...

A single component hard sphere description molten halides and nitrates, applied to self-diffusion and viscosity data, has led to a hard sphere size which for a given cation depends linearly upon the anionic radius. This correlation has been used to predict viscosity coefficients of fused alkali fluorides and to estimate the effective size of the N03~-anion in molten nitrates. The Stokes-Einstei...

Organic-inorganic hybrid halide perovskites are proven to be a promising semiconductor material as the absorber layer of solar cells. However, the perovskite films always suffer from nonuniform coverage or high trap state density due to the polycrystalline characteristics, which degrade the photoelectric properties of thin films. Herein, the alkali metal ions which are stable against oxidation ...

Electronic structure calculations and experimental data point to soft local vibrations of alkali ions in AOs2O6 (A 1⁄4 K, Rb, Cs). Due to its size the potassium ion experiences an extremely anharmonic and broad potential well. We use ab initio energies and forces to derive the Hamiltonian for the dynamics of K ions and solve the single site problem. r 2006 Published by Elsevier B.V.

In this paper , we show t h a t Reileralion and Collocation re la t ions as in t roduced I)y I la l l iday and l lasan may func t ion as lexieally I)iased discourse s t ruc tu re re la t ions and t h a t these re la t ions are well represented by sequences of Mel '&flds Lexical Funclions (Ll,'s). We propose to use Lie sequences for tl,e final de te rminat ion and real izat ion of discourse o rg...

Formation of tetrahedral or octahedral condensation related to the experiments on electrolysis or deuterium permeation was studied. We obtained the scenario about the formation that alkali or alkaline-earth metal ions infiltrating into the host metal made cavities there when they hopped onto the other sites of the crystal lattice of it, then through squeezing of H/D ions in the cavity tetrahedr...

In this work we investigate the effect of gamma and ultraviolet radiations on the thermoluminescence of Brazilian calcite. The irradiated samples presented three TL peaks at 150, 245 and 320C (at a linear heating rate of 1.8C/s), with a main emission band centered at 615nm due to the G → S transition of the Mn. The irradiated samples presented, besides the Mn signals, three lines related relate...

The blue thermoluminescence (TL) emission of different thermally annealed (i) β-eucryptite (LiAlSiO4), (ii) virgilite-petalite (LiAlSi5O12) and (iii) virgilite-petalite-bikitaite (LiAlSi10O22) mixed crystals have been studied. The observed changes in the TL glow curves could be linked to simultaneous processes taking place in the lithium aluminosilicate lattice structure (phase transitions, con...