Three siblings (1 boy, 2 girls) with hypertension and hypokalemia are presented, two with low plasma aldosterone and suppressed renin activity and the eldest with a high renin and aldosterone level due to secondary changes in her kidneys. Urinary tetrahydrocortisol (THF) was increased relative to tetrahydrocortisone (THE). Cortisol ring A reduction constant was also lower than normal. Thes...

ALTHOUGH angiotensin, potassium, sodium, and adrenocorticotrophic hormone are generally acknowledged as major direct influences on aldoster-one secretion, there is a strong case for the existence of other factors which affect aldosterone secretion and which may play physiological roles (see Cogh-lan et al., 1979, for review). The plasma aldosterone response to metoclopramide (a dopamine antagon...

The important renal endocrine aspect implicated in gym nephropathy is the activation of renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS). Intense exercise can lead to increased sympathetic nervous activity, resulting release renin from juxtaglomerular cells kidneys. Renin acts on angiotensinogen, leading generation angiotensin II, a potent vasoconstrictor. Angiotensin II stimulates secretion aldoste...

Increasing evidence indicates that aldosterone elicits vascular effects through nongenomic signaling pathways. We tested the hypothesis that aldosterone induces activation of vascular mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinases and NADPH oxidase via c-Src-dependent mechanisms in vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs). Aldosterone effects on activation of c-Src, p38MAP kinase, and NADPH oxidase, and i...

BACKGROUND Hypoadiponectinemia is a well-known state associated with metabolic syndrome (MetS) and insulin resistance (IR). Recently aldosterone has been highly associated with high blood pressure, and may thus be a possible biomarker for MetS and IR. In this study, we investigate the association of aldosterone with MetS and IR, and compare it with that of adiponectin. METHODS In this cross-s...

Aldosterone is classically associated with the regulation of salt and potassium homeostasis but has also profound effects on acid-base balance. During acidosis, circulating aldosterone levels are increased and the hormone acts in concert with angiotensin II and other factors to stimulate renal acid excretion. Pharmacological blockade of aldosterone action as well as inherited or acquired syndro...

For distinguishing primary aldosteronism from essential hypertension, we use simple direct radioimmunoassays for "aldosterone" (aldosterone and other materials that react with the antibody to aldosterone) and "18-hydroxycorticosterone" (similarly) in unprocessed urine. Patients with primary aldosteronism have high values for "aldosterone." This diagnosis can be validated by assays of further ur...

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Inhibition of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system decreases proteinuria and slows estimated GFR decline in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus with overt nephropathy. Serum aldosterone levels may increase during renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system blockade. The determinants and consequences of this aldosterone breakthrough remain unknown. DESIGN, SETTING, PA...

It has been shown that aldosterone potentiates the action of angiotensin II (Ang II) in cultured rat vascular smooth muscle cells solely by increasing the number of Ang II receptors. The mechanisms responsible for aldosterone-Ang II interactions in the adrenal gland are unknown. The present study was designed to investigate the effect of aldosterone on expression of Ang II receptor subtypes (AT...

We have shown previously that patients with resistant hypertension and hyperaldosteronism have increased brain natriuretic peptide suggestive of increased intravascular volume. In the present study, we tested the hypothesis that hyperaldosteronism contributes to cardiac volume overload. Thirty-seven resistant hypertensive patients with hyperaldosteronism (urinary aldosterone 12 g/24 hours and p...