Alcohol use disorders (AUDs) are a health problem of high prevalence in most communities and such problems account for 5% of the total burden of disease worldwide. Clinical toxicologists are commonly required to treat patients having AUDs and associated drug/alcohol-related harm. There have been recent changes to some of the diagnostic criteria (notably in DSM V) relevant to AUDs, with older te...

We assessed cutaneous ethanol (ETOH) and isopropanol (ISOP) absorption after intensive (30 times per h) use of alcohol-based hand-rub solutions by healthcare workers (HCWs). ETOH was detectable in the breath of 6/20 HCWs (0.001 to 0.0025%) at 1 to 2 min postexposure and in the serum of 2/20 HCWs at 5 to 7 min postexposure. Serum ISOP levels were unrecordable at all time points.

Abstract Background: This study investigated the epidemiology of drug abuse among high school students in Kerman. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study on a randomly selected sample of 652 first and second grade high school students (256 boys, 396 girls) in Kerman. They were informed that their answers would be classified and nameless before they filled questionnaires. Schools and ...

Aqueous solutions of ethoxylated alcohols which form lyotropic liquid crystals at high concentrations (40-80%) were selected as model lubricating substances. Microscopic studies under polarized light and viscosity measurements were carried out in order to confirm the presence of liquid crystalline structures in the case of alcohol solutions with ethoxylation degrees of 3, 5, 7 and 10. Microscop...

To investigate the origin of the first order molecular kinetics of the most prominent, Debye-type polarization, a detailed dielectric relaxation study of 66.5, 40, and 20 mole% solutions of 5-methyl-2-hexanol in 2-methylpentane (2:1, 0.67:1, and 0.25:1 molar ratios) was performed. The Debye-type polarization remains prominent in the solutions, despite the extensive loss of intermolecular hydrog...