This paper describes the development of a system for measuring airflow moving past the head of a humanoid robot. In recent years there has been growing interest in the development of humanoid robots. To function in a safe and efficient manner a humanoid robot must be 'aware' of its surroundings. For both a human and a humanoid robot airflow can provide useful information. Airflow sensors measur...

THE ASSOCIATION BETWEEN OBSTRUCTIVE SLEEP APNEA SYNDROME (OSAS), MAXILLOFACIAL MALFORMATIONS, AND MALOCCLUSIONS HAS ATTRACTED ATTENTION. Many patients with OSAS show craniofacial abnormalities involving both the jaws as well as skeletal structures of the respiratory dynamic space. These aberrations may be apparent very early in life. Nasal septal deviation is known to reduce airflow and increas...

A new efficient cell was developed to generate a large quantity of aerosol using an ultrasonic nebulizer. The currently used conventional pail-type cell cannot generate such a large quantity of aerosol because a large portion of the mist is lost by agglomeration and subsequent liquefaction onto the cell wall and liquid surface. The newly developed cell is a chimney-type cell characterized by th...

The accuracy of the numerical result is closely related to mesh density as well as its distribution. Mesh plays a very significant role in the outcome of numerical simulation. Many nasal airflow studies have employed unstructured mesh and more recently hybrid mesh scheme has been utilized considering the complexity of anatomical architecture. The objective of this study is to compare the result...

BACKGROUND Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a complex condition with pulmonary and extra-pulmonary manifestations. This study describes the heterogeneity of COPD in a large and well characterised and controlled COPD cohort (ECLIPSE). METHODS We studied 2164 clinically stable COPD patients, 337 smokers with normal lung function and 245 never smokers. In these individuals, we mea...

The effect of prednisolone on the elimination kinetics of theophylline was studied in a group of nine patients with chronic airflow obstruction. Volume of distribution, plasma half life, and clearance after a single intravenous dose of aminophylline (5.6 mg/kg) were unchanged by prednisolone treatment (20 mg daily for three weeks). The metabolism of an intravenous bolus of theophylline is not i...

Airflow, contaminant concentration and temperature distribution in a two-bed hospital ward represented by simple model room with inlet and outlet vents, have been studied. Our work is concerned with the development and implementation of a practical and robust response surface based multi-objective optimization (MOP) scheme, with the aim of assisting hospital ward designers and managers /operato...

This study demonstrated how to use two simplified methods, the box and momentum methods, to simulate complex diffusers in room airflow modeling by computational fluid dynamics. The two methods require additional flow information that is not available from product catalogues of diffuser manufacturers. This information includes the distribution of discharge air velocity, box size, and flow direct...

BACKGROUND Both airflow limitation and smoking are established cardiovascular risk factors. However, their interaction as risk factors for the development of atherosclerosis in coronary artery disease patients remains unclear. OBJECTIVES To evaluate the effect of the interaction between airflow limitation and smoking status on the severity of carotid atherosclerosis. METHODS We categorized ...