Water is vital for plant performance and survival. Its scarcity, induced by a seasonal decline in soil water availability or an increase of evaporative demand, can cause failures of the water conducting system. An adequate tolerance to drought and the ability to acclimate to changing hydraulic conditions are important features for the survival of long-lived woody plants in dry environments. In ...

Energy simulation (ES) and computational fluid dynamics (CFD) provide important and complementary information for building energy and indoor environment designs. A coupled ES and CFD simulation can eliminate many assumptions employed in the separate ES and CFD computations and thus provide more accurate results. Through theoretical analysis and numerical experiment, this study verified that the...

We demonstrated a multilayer molybdenum disulfide (MoS₂) nanomechanical resonator by using optical Fabry-Perot (F-P) interferometric excitation and detection. The thin circular MoS₂ nanomembrane with an approximate 8-nm thickness was transferred onto the endface of a ferrule with an inner diameter of 125 μm, which created a low finesse F-P interferometer with a cavity length of 39.92 μm. The ef...

We describe a software package for constructing minimal free resolutions ofGLn(Q)-equivariant graded modules M over Q[x1, . . . , xn] such that for all i, the ith syzygy module of M is generated in a single degree. We do so by describing some algorithms for manipulating polynomial representations of the general linear group GLn(Q) following ideas of Olver and Eisenbud– Fløystad–Weyman.

OBJECTIVE To address the predictability of injury from air bag activation by use of crash simulation software. METHODS Using current, validated crash simulation software, the effect of air bag activation on injury risk was assessed for the 6-year-old child, both restrained and unrestrained. Results were compared with those for adult occupants in similar crash scenarios. RESULTS For the unre...

BACKGROUND Risks associated with air emboli introduced during cardiac surgery have been highlighted by reports of postoperative neuropsychological dysfunction, myocardial dysfunction, and mortality. Presently, there are no standard effective methods for quantifying potential emboli in the bloodstream during cardiac surgery. Our objective was to develop software that can automatically detect and...

This work introduces capillary flow in paper microfluidics that features a flow rate Q that is constant in time, t, and independent of the viscosity of liquid sample, µ liquid : Q≠f(t, µ liquid). Compared to conventional paper microfluidics, we enclose the paper in solid walls and add a long and narrow air vent as outlet of the capillary pump, such that the flow rate is dominated by the downstr...

BACKGROUND The aim of this study was to examine the application of the Eschmann tracheal tube introducer (ETTI) with 4 types of supraglottic airway devices (SADs) using a child-manikin. METHODS A total of 79 paramedics were asked to exchange the 4 SADs for an endotracheal tube with the ETTI in 3 different scenarios using a randomized crossover study format: normal airway without chest compres...