The present study addressed the nature of bilingual semantic processing in Mandarin Chinese and Southern Min and examined category effects and age effects. Nineteen bilingual adults of Mandarin Chinese and Southern Min, nine monolingual seniors of Mandarin Chinese, and ten monolingual seniors of Southern Min in Taiwan individually completed two semantic tasks: Picture naming and category fluenc...

In the definition of a crossed module $(T,G,rho)$, the actions of the group $T$ and $G$ on themselves are given by conjugation. In this paper, we consider these actions to be arbitrary and thus generalize the concept of ordinary crossed module. Therefore, we get the category ${bf GCM}$, of all generalized crossed modules and generalized crossed module morphisms between them, and investigate som...

Categorization of musical excerpts was accurately predicted by subjects’ association of emotional valence with musical properties. The strength of this association prior to training predicted greater category knowledge, predicted types of errors during category learning, and predicted age differences in learning. Training in this association led to as much learning as feedback did.

In 1985, employees in the china clay industry were offered chest x ray examinations and 4478 (52.6% of the total workforce) accepted. Of these, 4167 workers and pensioners of the largest single employer also completed occupational histories, respiratory symptom questionnaires, and underwent ventilatory capacity tests. The x ray readings (read to the 1980 ILO classification) of the 4167 workers ...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Cognitive decline is a function of normal aging; however, the effect of age on various domains is differential. This study examined the effect of age on verbal fluency and showed how speed of processing modifies fluency performance in healthy older adults compared to younger individuals. METHODS Three age groups, 62 young (17-40 years), 30 middle-aged (41-59 years), and...

BACKGROUND The answer to the question "At what age does aging begin?" is tightly related to the question "Where is the onset of mortality increase with age?" Age affects mortality rates from all diseases differently than it affects mortality rates from nonbiological causes. Mortality increase with age in adult populations has been modeled by many authors, and little attention has been given to ...

Relative age effects (RAEs) refer to age differences in the same selection year. In this study, 6,229 female soccer players representing the entire Swiss female soccer population were evaluated to determine the prevalence of RAEs in Swiss women’s soccer. Significant RAEs existed in the self-selected extracurricular (n = 2987) soccer teams and the subgroup of talent development teams (n = 450) i...

in this paper, new definitions of $l$-fuzzy closure operator, $l$-fuzzy interior operator, $l$-fuzzy remote neighborhood system, $l$-fuzzy neighborhood system and $l$-fuzzy quasi-coincident neighborhood system are proposed. it is proved that the category of $l$-fuzzy closure spaces, the category of $l$-fuzzy interior spaces, the category of $l$-fuzzy remote neighborhood spaces, the category of ...