Four types of biomass (chicken waste, wood pellets, coffee residue, and tobacco stalks) were cofired at 30 wt % with a U.S. sub-bituminous coal (Powder River Basin Coal) in a laboratory-scale fluidized bed combustor. A cyclone, followed by a quartz filter, was used for fly ash removal during tests. The temperatures of the cyclone and filter were controlled at 250 and 150 degrees C, respectively...

The main goal of this work was to develop adaptive filter algorithms and test their performance in active combustion control. Several algorithms were incorporated, which are divided into gradient descent algorithms and pattern searches. The algorithms were tested on three separate platforms. The first was an analog electronic simulator, which uses a second order acoustics model and a first orde...

One significant factor in the operation of a fluidized bed combustor is the manner in which coal particles disperse and mix with the bed material upon entering the bed. A thermal tracing technique was used to study the mixing characteristics in a 1/4 scale model of a pressurized bubbling fluidized bed combustor. Particles cooled by liquid nitrogen are injected into the bed in the same way that ...

The fuels used in industry for the last two to three decades have become expensive; furthermore there are large quantities of coal in South Africa not readily burned by the conventional means. The application of the two stage fluid bed combustor and its ability to burn low grade fuels efficiently, are discussed.

Characterization of distributed combustion reformed methanolblends in a model gas turbine combustor

The purpose of the air distribution system in a fluidised bed combustor is to provide a reasonably uniform spread of combustion air over the entire horizontal cross-sectional area of the bed. One of the simplest, and hence cheapest, forms of air distributor is the sparge pipe design, in which an array of horizontal pipes is fitted at the base of the bed. Combustion air is then supplied to one e...

This study investigates the effects of boundary layer combustion on skin friction reduction in a model scramjet combustor. The 4-equation RANS (Transition SST model) is employed as turbulence and one experimental case which involves supersonic turbulent used for validating numerical simulation method. Then wall jet device can be to inject hydrogen into designed added lower combustor engine. res...