The objective of this study was to investigate qualitatively and quantitatively the bacterial aerosols before, during, and after clinical work sessions in different areas within a multichair dental clinic, an isolation clinic, the sterilization center, and the prosthetic laboratory in the College of Dentistry, King Saud University. Also, the contributions of aerosols generated by different type...

Rising economic value of a large number of metals as a result of their importance for new technologies and industrial development has renewed worldwide interest for mineral exploration and detailed studies of ore deposits. The Dill’s (2010) “chessboard” classification of mineral deposits is the most recent attempt to provide an exhaustive overview of all mineral deposits known to date. However,...

Satellite retrievals of cloud optical depth and effective radius are shown to be underestimated in the South Atlantic Ocean, where biomass-burning aerosols typically reside above low-level, liquid water stratocumulus clouds. A radiative transfer model is used to calculate top of the atmosphere (TOA) reflectances for a case where an aerosol layer is elevated above a liquid cloud in the South Atl...

[1] Diurnal, weekly, seasonal, and interannual variations of urban aerosols were analyzed with an emphasis on summer months using 4 years of the NASA Earth Observing System (EOS) Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) observations, in situ Aerosol Robotic Network (AERONET) observations, and in situ U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) PM2.5 data for one midlatitude city (Ne...

[1] Using a CIMEL Sun photometer, we conducted continuous observations over the urban area of Shanghai (31 14′N, 121 32′E) from 18 April 2007 to 31 January 2009. The aerosol optical depth (AOD), Angstrom wavelength exponent, single scattering albedo (w0), and aerosol particle size distribution were derived from the observational data. The monthly mean AOD reached a maximum value of 1.20 in June...

Organic aerosols are ubiquitous in the earth's atmosphere. They have been extensively studied in urban, rural and marine environments. However, little is known about the fluorescence properties of water-soluble organic carbon (WSOC) or their transport to and distribution in the polar regions. Here, we present evidence that fluorescent WSOC is a substantial component of High Arctic aerosols. The...

This paper presents a new development of the NeuroVaria method. NeuroVaria computes relevant atmospheric and oceanic parameters by minimizing the difference between the observed satellite reflectances and those computed from radiative transfer simulations modelled by artificial neural networks. Aerosol optical properties are computed using the Junge size distribution allowing taking into accoun...

Aerosol measurements have been carried out at Kolhapur (16°42′N, 74°14′E) by using Twilight Photometer, which is indigenously designed and developed at the Indian Institute of Tropical Meteorology, a tropical station, Pune. The basic principle of this technique is if more number of aerosols exists in the atmosphere then more scattering takes place. Twilight observations have been carried out ma...

The Earth Clouds, Aerosols and Radiation Explorer, EarthCARE, has been selected for implementation as the sixth Earth Explorer Mission of the European Space Agency’s Living Planet Programme [1]. The mission will measure three-dimensional structures of clouds and aerosols simultaneously with the respective outgoing broad band flux. These measurements would significantly contribute to the underst...