In UCT and Bardenpho systems, by starting with 100 per cent municipal waste water as influent, incrementally decreasing the waste-water fraction and increasing the acetate fraction, an enhanced culture of polyphosphate (polyP) organisms was developed. Aerobic cultures, using the API procedure, indicated greater than 90 per cent of the microorganisms as Acinetobacter spp. As the acetate fraction...

In addition to the most recently reported aerobic anoxygenic phototrophic bacterium Chloroacidobacterium thermophilium [1], five phyla of phototrophic bacteria have been reported, including four phyla anoxygenic phototrophic bacteria (anaerobic and aerobic anoxygenic phototrophic Proteobacteria, filamentous anoxygenic phototrophs (FAPs), green sulfur bacteria and heliobacteria) and oxygenic pho...

Fluoroethene (FE) is a stable molecule in aqueous solution and its aerobic transformation potentially yields F-. This work evaluated if FE is a suitable surrogate for monitoring aerobic vinyl chloride (VC) utilization or cometabolic transformation. Experiments were carried out with three isolates, Mycobacterium strain EE13a, Mycobacterium strain JS60, and Nocardioides strain JS614 to evaluate i...

As part of its aerobic metabolism, Streptococcus pneumoniae generates high levels of H(2)O(2) by pyruvate oxidase (SpxB), which can be further reduced to yield the damaging hydroxyl radicals via the Fenton reaction. A universal conserved adaptation response observed among bacteria is the adjustment of the membrane fatty acids to various growth conditions. The aim of the present study was to rev...

Allantoin occurs widely in nature, where it arises from the oxidation of uric acid (1, 2). Animals, plants, and bacteria convert allantoin to glyoxylic acid and urea via allantoic acid (14). The aerobic oxidation of allantoin by a species of Pseudomonas has been studied in detail (4), but the pathway of allantoin fermentation is incompletely known. That the aerobic and anaerobic pathways of all...

BACKGROUND The aim of this study was to investigate the potential contributory role of laparoscopic appendectomy in the occurrence of postoperative intra-abdominal infections. METHODS A prospective single-center study including 48 patients who underwent laparoscopic appendectomy was conducted between August 2010 and September 2011. Two peritoneal samples were obtained from each patient in the...

A characteristic feature of the order Rhodobacterales is the presence of a large number of photoautotrophic and photoheterotrophic species containing bacteriochlorophyll. Interestingly, these phototrophic species are phylogenetically mixed with chemotrophs. To better understand the origin of such variability, we sequenced the genomes of three closely related haloalkaliphilic species, differing ...

Rice germinates equally well when incubated in air and in nitrogen. It was therefore chosen for a comparative study of the effect of oxygen status in a single organism upon the activity of conventional metabolic poisons. Inhibitor activity was based upon the concentration required for 50% inhibition of germination. The inhibitors were: AgNO(3), HgCl(2), phenylmercuric acetate, iodoacetamide, KC...

ry In a recent paper in these pages, Speijer [1] contends that anaerobic, aerobic metabolism cannot exist within the same organism. In particular he argues that anaerobic, aerobic metabolism cannot exist within the same eukaryote. He also contends that this argument constitutes evidence against the view that mitochondria are ancestrally facultatively anaerobic. However, he neglects the literatu...