Several evidences have indicated that many nuclei in the brain have critical role in water intake. Angiotensin II is one of the most important neurotransmitters involved in regulation of fluid homeostasis. In this study, the interaction of i.c.v. injection of captopril and histamine on water intake in adult male water-deprived rats was investigated. Rats were implanted with guide cannula aimed ...

Vitamin E (vit. E) is an antioxidant compound with different kinds including tocopherols and tocotrienols. The major sources of vit. E are vegetable and seed oils. The recommended dietary allowances vary with age, gender, and state of the person. There have been numerous experiments showing beneficial effects of vit. E on immune system, cancer, and coronary artery diseases in the elderly. Moreo...

Molecular switches between the troponin T and I isoforms are known to occur in various conditions, but the results from studies of failing human hearts with various etiologies are contradictory and it is not certain whether troponin isoform changes occur. Therefore, the molecular switching of troponin isoforms during normal development and heart failure (HF) after myocardial infarction were inv...

Objective(s):This study was designed to investigate the effect of Phaleria macrocarpa aqueous extract (PM) on spermatogenesis by observing the histological changes of testes in adult male rats. Materials and Methods: PM was prepared by boiling the dried slices of P. macrocarpa fruits followed by filtering, centrifugation and freeze-drying to obtain the powder form. Eighteen Sprague Dawley adult...

Introduction: Repetitive cortical spreading depression (CSD) can lead to cell death in immature brain tissue. Caspases are involved in neuronal cell death in several CSD-related neurological disorders. Yet, whether repetitive CSD itself can induce caspase activation in adult or juvenile tissue remains unknown. Inducing repetitive CSD in somatosensory cortices of juvenile and adult rats in vivo,...

The rates of synthesis of ribosomes, 5S RNA, and tRNA necessary to maintain the steady-state concentrations of these entities in liver cytoplasm of adult rats were determined. On the average, each liver cell in the adult rat synthesizes 650 ribosomes, 650 molecules of 5S RNA, and 11,000 molecules of tRNA each minute. The numbers of genes per liver cell for rRNA, 5S RNA, and tRNA were 330, 1660,...

The specific activity of glutathione-S-epoxide transferase with styrene oxide and 3-methylcholanthrene-11, 12-oxide was determined in rat liver and lung during development from the fetal to the adult stage and after partial hepatectomy. Enzyme activity in fetal liver or lung at 18 days of gestation was about 20% of that observed in the adult; it rose rapidly to the adult value by 21 days of age...

The relaxatory effect of Vitis vinifera leaf extract on rat uterus has been reported and it was postulated that, the extract relaxed through the blockade of voltage dependent calcium channels. The extract also, relaxed rat aorta through NO and was dependent on the functional endothelium. In the present study, the effect of Vitis vinifera hydroalcoholic leaf extract (VHLE) on rat vas deferens pr...