OBJECTIVES To assess a protocol for treatment of sting anaphylaxis. DESIGN Prospective assessment of treatment with oxygen, intravenous infusion of adrenaline (epinephrine), and volume resuscitation with normal saline. SETTING Sub-study of a venom immunotherapy trial. PARTICIPANTS 21 otherwise healthy adults with systemic allergic reactions to diagnostic sting challenge. MAIN OUTCOME ME...

OBJECTIVES To evaluate coach drivers' work stress during work and in the course of recovery from work by measurement of urinary catecholamines and cortisol. METHODS The urinary excretion rate of adrenaline, noradrenaline, and cortisol of 10 coach drivers was studied during a long distance trip of three days and two consecutive days off. Each driver was asked to provide seven urine samples on ...

Adrenaline (0.001-1,000 muM) strongly stimulated adenosine-3',5'cyclic monophosphate (cAMP) generation in cultured human microvascular-derived endothelial cells (HMEC-1). Isoprenaline mimicked the action of adrenaline, whereas noradrenaline appeared to be decisively less potent. Experiments carried out with an array of compounds acting selectively on different types/subtypes of adrenergic recep...

The aim of this experiment was to evaluate the impact of selection for greater muscling on the adrenaline responsiveness of muscle, adipose and liver tissue, as reflected by changes in plasma levels of the intermediary metabolites lactate, non-esterified fatty acids (NEFA) and glucose. This study used 18-month-old steers from an Angus herd visually assessed and selected for divergence in muscli...

Thirty patients undergoing primary total hip replacement under lumbar extradural anaesthesia with 0.75% bupivacaine 25 ml were allocated randomly to receive either low-dose adrenaline or phenylephrine infusions i.v. throughout surgery. Haemodynamic measurements and arterial blood samples were obtained before the extradural injection and at 10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60 and 90 min thereafter. Peak arte...

Effects of adrenaline on the smooth muscle of the rabbit common carotid artery were studied by the partitional chamber method. The experiments on excitation-contraction coupling were carried out in isotonic Krebs solution; the other experiments were carried out in hypertonic Krebs solution. Adrenaline (10(-7) g/ml) caused rhythmical electrical and mechanical activity of arterial strips in isoto...

Objective: Adrenaline inhibits insulin secretion through activation of a2-adrenoceptors (ARs). These receptors are linked to pertussis toxin-sensitive G proteins. Agonist binding leads to inhibition of adenylyl cyclase, inhibition of Ca2þ channels and activation of Kþ channels. Recently, three distinct subtypes of a2-AR were described, a2A-AR, a2B-AR and a2C-AR. At present, it is unknown which ...

1. In cats anaesthetized with pentobarbitone sodium, infusions of adrenaline, noradrenaline (0.5 mug/kg per min) and isoprenaline (0.25 mug/kg per min) increased myocardial blood flow, myocardial heat production, left ventricular systolic and end-diastolic pressures, left ventricular +ve and -ve dp/dt max, and calculated cardiac output, effort and oxygen consumption. These effects (apart from t...

OBJECTIVES To determine the effects of continuous morphine infusion in ventilated newborns on plasma concentrations of adrenaline (epinephrine) and noradrenaline (norepinephrine) and their relation to clinical outcome. DESIGN Blinded, randomised, placebo controlled trial. SETTING Level III neonatal intensive care units in two centres. PATIENTS A total of 126 ventilated neonates (inclusion...

OBJECTIVE Nebulized budesonide and nebulized adrenaline have been shown to be effective in the treatment of moderately severe croup. However, there has been no direct comparison of these therapies. We undertook a multicenter, randomized, double-blind, parallel group study in 66 hospitalized children with viral or spasmodic croup. METHODS Children 0.5 to 6 years of age were assessed using a va...