OBJECTIVE To report, to our knowledge, the first case of detection of human metapneumovirus in the cerebrospinal fluid of a patient during acute encephalitis. DESIGN Case report. SETTING University hospital. PATIENT A 10-year-old girl with acute encephalitis. RESULTS Human metapneumovirus was detected in cerebrospinal fluid and nasal-wash specimens during the initial phase of mild encep...

BACKGROUND & OBJECTIVES An outbreak of acute encephalitis syndrome (AES) among children from Nagpur division, Maharashtra was investigated to confirm the aetiology and to describe clinico-epidemiological features. METHODS AES cases among children<15 yr, from Nagpur division, hospitalized between June-September 2007, were investigated. Serum and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) were tested for IgM an...

OBJECTIVES Epilepsia partialis continua (EPC) is characterized by localized continuous jerks, from time to time with spreading Jacksonian seizures and, more rarely, secondarily generalized tonic-clonic seizures. EPC has numerous possible etiologies. In this paper we describe EPC in the tick-borne Russian spring-summer encephalitis (TBRSSE) and compare it with Rasmussen syndrome. METHODS AND M...

Encephalitis is an inflammation and swelling of the brain, which is often caused by a viral infection; it is an important cause of acute symptomatic seizures as well as subsequent epilepsy. Herein we describe the definition, epidemiology, and etiology of encephalitis as a cause of seizures. We then focus on encephalitis due to herpes simplex virus (the most common sporadic viral cause of enceph...

Obscure fever is not an uncommon problem in Thailand. We studied 25 children with obscure fever admitted to Srinagarind (university) Hospital in Northeast Thailand. The etiology was identified in 52% of the cases: dengue (40%), leptospirosis (8%), and micrococcus septicemia (4%). Two cases with primary dengue infection developed dengue shock syndrome. The case with leptospirosis developed infec...

Therapeutic plasma exchange (TPE) is a well-established therapeutic procedure commonly used in many neurologic immune-mediated disorders. It is thought that the beneficial effects of TPE occur through elimination of pathognomonic autoantibodies, immune complexes, inflammatory mediators, complement components and cytokines, which play a crucial role in many kinds of neurologic autoimmune disease...

neck rigidity (2 patients) were also observed. Signs and symptoms at the time of hospitalization and at followup for 6 months (at 3-month intervals) were similar for persons infected with JEV and those infected with WNV. Neurologic sequelae observed at <6 months follow-up were impaired memory (6 patients), irritable behavior (5 patients), impaired hearing (3 patients), incoherent speech and dis...

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Japanese encephalitis (JE) is the most important cause of acute and epidemic viral encephalitis. Every year sporadic JE cases are reported from the various districts of West Bengal, indicating its endemicity in this state. JE vaccination programme has been undertaken by the State Health Department of West Bengal. This study was aimed at seeing the present scenario of J...