Conformational analyses are presented of several pharmacologically important norditerpenoid alkaloids (NDAs), in crystal and solution states. Crystal data 8 NDAs (4 free bases 4 salts) were obtained, which crassicauline A, aconitine HCl, methyllycaconitine HClO4 reported for the first time. 1D/2D NMR spectroscopies 7 (5 2 recorded comprehensively. conformations described with a revised cyclohex...

Sodium channels, found ubiquitously in animal muscle cells and neurons, are one of the main target sites of many naturally-occurring, insecticidal plant compounds and agricultural pesticides. Pyrethroids, derived from compounds found only in the Asteraceae, are particularly toxic to insects and have been successfully used as pesticides including on flowering crops that are visited by pollinator...

The action of neurotoxins on tetrodotoxin-insensitive sodium channels in cultured rat muscle cells has been studied by ion flux methods. The alkaloid neurotoxins batrachotoxin, veratridine, and aconitine act at a common receptor site to cause persistent activation of sodium channels. Batrachotoxin is a full agonist, while veratridine and aconitine are partial agonists activating 8% and 1% of so...

BACKGROUND Diesel exhaust (DE), which is emitted from on- and off-road sources, is a complex mixture of toxic gaseous and particulate components that leads to triggered adverse cardiovascular effects such as arrhythmias. OBJECTIVE We hypothesized that increased risk of triggered arrhythmias 1 day after DE exposure is mediated by airway sensory nerves bearing transient receptor potential (TRP)...

(Received for publication, February 13, 1956) It is widely known, that there are two different theories concerning the nature of the auricular flutter ; namely the ectopic theory and cirucus movement theory. In the previous papers' ),Q ) we attempted to clarify this problem experimentally and reported that the electrically induced auricular flutter is differed from the aconitine-induced flutter...