Goal orientation theory was used to examine changes in student motivation during the transition from elementary to middle school. Surveys were given to 341 students in the fifth grade in elementary and again in sixth grade in middle school. Students were more oriented to task goals (wanting to improve their competency), perceived a greater emphasis on task goals during instruction, and felt mor...

This study examined the reciprocal relationship between students’ perceptions of science learning environment, measured through promoting choice, interaction and mutual respect, teacher feedback, achievement goals mastery-approach performance-approach goals. A total 407 sixth eighth grade students participated in study. Canonical analysis showed that perceived environment variables approach goa...

Students’ readiness for e-learning is necessary in order to make the process more effective. Readiness refers degree of having pre-knowledge and skills, affective characteristics such as attitude motivation experience this most effectively. Academic orientations students also contribute their perception quality learning online environments. Furthermore, creates a learner-centered approach that ...

OBJECTIVE To assess the effects of different cognitive orientations focused on social comparison or self-comparison, followed by success or failure feedback, on mood, task persistence, and task difficulty choice in children with cancer. METHOD Children with cancer (N = 79) and a group of age-matched controls (N = 72 were randomly assigned in a 2 (Achievement Orientation) x 2 (Feedback) betwee...

A central goal of the learning sciences is to discover principles that determine the optimal amount of instructional assistance to support robust learning (Koedinger & Aleven, 2007). We examined learning outcomes from providing and withholding stepwise instructional explanations as students studied worked examples and solved physics problems. We hypothesized that students would acquire more con...