1. Carnitine acetyltransferase (EC 2.3.1.7) activity in sheep liver mitochondria was 76nmol/min per mg of protein, in contrast with 1.7 for rat liver mitochondria. The activity in bovine liver mitochondria was comparable with that of sheep liver mitochondria. Carnitine palmitoyltransferase activity was the same in both sheep and rat liver mitochondria. 2. The [free carnitine]/[acetylcarnitine] ...

1. A study of the acyl group specificity of the carnitine acetyltransferase reaction [acyl-(-)carnitine+CoASH right harpoon over left harpoon (-)-carnitine+acyl-CoA] has been made with the enzyme from pigeon breast muscle. Acyl groups containing up to 10 carbon atoms are transferred and detailed kinetic investigations with a range of acyl-CoA and acylcarnitine substrates are reported. 2. Acyl-C...

To investigate the relationship between polyol pathway hyperactivity and altered carnitine metabolism in the pathogenesis of diabetic neuropathy, the effects of an aldose reductase inhibitor, [5-(3-thienyl) tetrazol-1-yl]acetic acid (TAT), and a carnitine analog, acetyl-L-carnitine (ALC), on neural functions and biochemistry and hemodynamic factors were compared in streptozotocin-diabetic rats....

Introduction Prior mechanistic studies in rodents showed decreased levels of the pivotal mitochondrial metabolite acetyl-L-carnitine (LAC) relation to cognitive deficits and depressive-like behavior (Neuron 2017, 10.1016/j.neuron.2017.09.020, PNAS 2013, 10.1073/pnas.1216100110), providing basis for current translational study. Objectives The main objective this work was ascertain role specific ...

Copyright©2014 Korean Geriatric Society This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/). Vivid Dreaming after Acetyl-L-Carnitine Administration: A Report of Two Cases Hyeyun Kim, MD, Do Young Yoon, MD, Doo Yong Park, MD, Hyun Jeong Han, MD Department of Neurology, Catholic Kwan...

The therapeutic effect of stroke is hampered by the lack of neuroprotective drugs against ischemic insults beyond the acute phase. Carnitine plays important roles in mitochondrial metabolism and in modulating the ratio of coenzyme A (CoA)/acyl-CoA. Here, we investigate the neuroprotective effects of l-carnitine (LC) and Acetyl-l-carnitine (ALC) pre-treatment on ischemic insults under the same e...

Insulin resistance occurs frequently in patients with chronic kidney disease. However, the mechanisms of insulin resistance associated with chronic kidney disease are unclear. It is known that an increase in the mitochondrial acetyl-CoA (AcCoA)/CoA ratio causes insulin resistance in skeletal muscle, and this ratio is regulated by carnitine acetyltransferase that exchanges acetyl moiety between ...

The aim of this systematic review was to quantify the efficacy of L-carnitine (LC) and/or L-acetyl-carnitine (LAC) in nutrition treatment for male infertility according to present clinical evidence. Biomedical databases were searched to collect related clinical trials and nine relevant randomized controlled trials (RCTs) were included. The quality of the RCTs was assessed based on their perform...

The sparse-fur (spf) mutant mouse has an X-linked deficiency of hepatic ornithine transcarbamylase (OTC), and devetops hyperftmmonemia immediately after weaning and maintains it throughout its life span. We haye studied the effects of acetyl-L-carnitine (ALCAR) on the hepatic mitochondrial proteins of the chronicaJly hyperammonemic spf mice. Two different age groups of mice were studied, the we...

Introduction: In the present study, potential differences between the effects of L-carnitine (LC) and acetyl-Lcarnitine (ALC) on ischemia/reperfusion (I/R)-induced myocardial infarction size were investigated. Methods: Male Wistar rats were randomly divided into five groups and then anesthetized by sodium pentobarbital. Hearts of the animals were removed and quickly mounted on a Langendorff app...