The study of gas-solid accommodation at low pressure is of paramount importance to several areas of scientific research and industrial development. In Chemical Vapor Deposition (CVD) processes for instance, ONERA has quantified the accommodation for several diatomicsolid pairs and shown that, near or below 100 Pa, the gas can be substantially colder than the surface being grown, at a distance l...

The accommodation response is sensitive to the chromatic properties of the stimulus, a sensitivity presumed to be related to making use of the longitudinal chromatic aberration of the eye to decode the sign of the defocus. Thus, the relative sensitivity to the long- (L) and middle-wavelength (M) cones may influence accommodation and may also be related to an individual's refractive error. Accom...

OBJECTIVE To restore accommodation in primate eyes by refilling the lens capsule with injectable silicone compounds. MATERIALS AND METHODS Eight eyes of 8 monkeys (Macaca fascicularis) were treated by the lens refilling procedure. To prevent leakage of the injected liquid silicone before it polymerized in the capsule in vivo, a silicone plug for sealing the capsular opening was developed. Aft...

Retinal blur and disparity are two different sensory signals known to cause a change in accommodative response. These inputs have differing neurological correlates that feed into a final common pathway. The purpose of this study was to investigate the dynamic properties of monocular blur driven accommodation and binocular disparity driven vergence-accommodation (VA) in human subjects. The resul...

PURPOSE Accommodation results in increased lens thickness and lens surface curvatures. Previous studies suggest that lens biometric accommodative changes are different with pharmacological and voluntary accommodation. In this study, refractive and biometric changes during Edinger-Westphal (EW) and pharmacologically stimulated accommodation in rhesus monkeys were compared. METHODS Accommodatio...

Until recently there was an assumption that Australian Aboriginal prisoners should be accommodated in dual occupancy or dormitory accommodation while in custody to best meet cultural needs, primarily to prevent social isolation. This historical assumption is reflected in the national guidelines for prison accommodation, various coronial and royal commission recommendations for both police and p...

PURPOSE To investigate the changes occurring in the axial length, choroidal thickness, and anterior biometrics of the eye during a 10-minute near task performed in downward gaze. METHODS Twenty young adult subjects (10 emmetropes and 10 myopes) participated in this study. To measure ocular biometrics in downward gaze, an optical biometer was inclined on a custom-built height- and tilt-adjusta...

Several models of myopia predict that growth of axial length is stimulated by blur. Accommodative lag has been suggested as an important source of blur in the development of myopia and this study has modeled how cross-link interactions between accommodation and convergence might interact with uncorrected distance heterophoria and refractive error to influence accommodative lag. Accommodative la...

BACKGROUND The goals of our study were to describe the types of family accommodation for parents of hospitalized children and to examine their influence on the pediatric hospital experience. METHODS This multi-site cohort survey included 10 hospitals in Ontario Province, Canada. Participants were parents of inpatient children (n = 1240). Main outcome measures included ratings of three parent-...

Aims: In humans, impaired gastric accommodation is associated with early satiety and weight loss. In animals, accommodation involves activation of gastric nitrergic neurones. Our aim was to study involvement of nitric oxide in gastric accommodation and in meal induced satiety in humans. Methods: The effect of N-monomethyl-L-arginine (L-NMMA) 4 mg/kg/h and 8 mg/kg/h on gastric compliance, on sen...