Using the positive P-representation of the density matrix, we develop an algorithm for calculating the quantum many-body nonlinear response functions of a system of bosons driven impulsively by external fields. The formalism maps the quantum time evolution of N boson degrees of freedom into a stochastic dynamics of 4N classical degrees of freedom. The first- and the third-order response functio...

A computer simulation model of human airborne movement is described. The body is modelled as 11 rigid linked segments with 17 degrees of freedom which are chosen with a view to modelling twisting somersaults. The accuracy of the model is evaluated by comparing the simulation values of the angles describing somersault, tilt and twist with the corresponding values obtained from film data of nine ...

We prove that, for any D, A and U with D >T A ⊕ U and r.e. in A⊕ U , there are pairs X0, X1 and Y0, Y1 such that D ≡T X0 ⊕X1; D ≡T Y0 ⊕ Y1; and, for any i and j from {0, 1} and any set B, if Xi ⊕A ≥T B and Yj ⊕ A ≥T B then A ≥T B. We then deduce that for any degrees d, a, and b such that a and b are recursive in d, a 6≥T b, and d is n − REA in a, d can be split over a avoiding b. This shows tha...

We introduce a method to bring nearly atomistic resolution to coarse-grained models, and we apply the method to proteins. Using a small number of coarse-grained sites (about one per eight atoms) but assigning an independent three-dimensional orientation to each site, we preferentially integrate out stiff degrees of freedom (bond lengths and angles, as well as dihedral angles in rings) that are ...

where St and S2 are projective representations of G. An irreducible projective representation is one that is not reducible. In this paper, we study the degrees of irreducible projective representations of a finite group G over an algebraically closed field K. In Theorem 2, we require further that char KJ(\G\. The degree of an irreducible projective representation of a finite group G, over the c...

We show that the complement of a degree d hypersurface in a projective complete intersection, whose defining equations have degrees strictly larger than d, has a rational connectivity higher than expected. The key new feature is that a positivity result replaces the usual transversality conditions needed to get such connectivity results.

The singular nature of a noninteger spiral phase plate allows easy manipulation of spatial degrees of freedom of photon states. Using two such devices, we have observed very high-dimensional spatial entanglement of twin photons generated by spontaneous parametric down-conversion.

We study the vacuum structure and dynamical symmetry breaking in the gaugeHiggs unification of the 5D theory compactified on an orbifold, S/Z2. This theory identifies Wilson line degrees of freedoms as “Higgs doublets”. We consider SU(3)c × SU(3)W and SU(6) models with the compactification scale of order a few TeV. The gauge symmetries are reduced to SU(3)c × SU(2)L × U(1)Y and SU(3)c × SU(2)L ...

We reinterpret N=(2,1) strings as describing the continuum limit of matrix theory with all spatial dimensions compactified. Thus they may characterize the full set of degrees of freedom needed to formulate the theory.

Alloparental brood care, where individuals help raising the offspring of others, is generally believed to be favoured by high degrees of relatedness between helpers and recipients. Here we show that in cooperatively breeding cichlids, unrelated subordinate females provide more alloparental care than related ones when kinship between dominant and subordinate group members is experimentally manip...