Abstract While multiple sclerosis can affect any part of the CNS, it does not do so evenly. In white matter has long been recognized that lesions tend to occur around ventricles, and grey mainly accrue in outermost (subpial) cortex. cortical matter, neuronal loss is greater layers. This gradient replicated vivo with magnetization transfer ratio similar gradients are seen most severe abnormaliti...

Acid aspiration, a common cause of acute lung injury, leads to alveolar edema. Increase in lung vascular permeability underlies this pathology. To define mechanisms, isolated rat lungs were perfused with autologous blood. Hydrochloric acid and rhodamine-dextran 70 kDa (RDx70) were coinstilled into an alveolus by micropuncture. RDx70 fluorescence was used to establish the spatial distribution of...

Figure 1 A transthoracic echocardiogram showing a hiatal hernia abutting the inferior aspect of the heart (arrows). An angulated apical long axis view is shown. Ao, aorta; la, left atrium; Iv, left ventricle. Failure to obtain satisfactory images of the heart at transoesophageal echocardiography is described in fewer than 3% of patients and is largely the result of an inability to insert the pr...

The aim of this study was to demonstrate how dosimetry with an amorphous silicon electronic portal imaging device (a-Si EPID) replaced film and ionization chamber measurements for routine pre-treatment dosimetry in our clinic. Furthermore, we described how EPID dosimetry was used to solve a clinical problem. IMRT prostate plans were delivered to a homogeneous slab phantom. EPID transit images w...

BACKGROUND To investigate the feasibility and dosimetric improvements of a novel technique to temporarily displace critical structures in the pelvis and abdomen from tumor during high-dose radiotherapy. METHODS Between 2010 and 2012, 11 patients received high-dose image-guided intensity-modulated radiotherapy with temporary organ displacement (TOD) at our institution. In all cases, imaging re...

We study the development of shear bands in a thermally softening viscoplastic prismatic body of square cross-section and containing two symmetrically placed thin layers of a different viseoplastic material and two elliptical voids with their major axes aligned along the vertieM eentroidM axis of the cross-section. One tip of each elliptical void is abutting the common interface between the laye...

PURPOSE Integration between subretinal grafts and the host retina is limited in part by the presence of a barrier at the graft-host interface. This study was conducted to identify factors that may contribute to this barrier, by examining the distribution of glial structures and associated molecules in different setups of overlapping retinal pieces. METHODS Neuroretinal tissue derived from mic...

with an incidence of 0.01 –0.20 % in routine autopsies [1]. They occur most commonly in the splenic artery (60%) [2]. Left gastric artery aneurysms are extremely rare [3]. Multiple aneurysms are present in approximately a third of patients [4]. Here we describe a case with aneurysms arising from the left gastric and splenic arteries, presenting with massive upper gastrointestinal bleeding. A 73...

BACKGROUND The aim of this study was to observe the pneumatization degree and adjacent structure of the posterior superior maxillary sinus (PSMS) and its effect on nasal cavity morphology. MATERIAL AND METHODS The study included a total of 103 cases whose paranasal sinus CT scans had been analyzed. The pneumatization of the PSMS and its relationship with posterior ethmoid sinus (PEs) and spheno...

OBJECTIVE To determine predictive factors for residual disease and hearing outcomes of surgery for congenital cholesteatoma (CC). DESIGN Retrospective record review of surgery for CC from January 1, 1998, through December 31, 2010. The initial extent of CC was staged using the system as defined by Potsic et al. SETTING Tertiary care children's hospital. PATIENTS Eighty-one children (82 ea...