This paper concerns automotive parts located underneath the engine and in particular the engine oil pan. Classically made of stamped steel or cast aluminum, new developments have allowed the manufacture oil pans with polyamide 66 reinforced by 35% weight of short glass fiber. However, polyamides have some limitations and the most significant is their response to localized impact loading. The na...

This paper presents a hybrid controller for a solar air conditioning plant, located at the University of Seville, Spain, and used as a benchmark for the HYCON NoE of the EU. The plant uses two sources of energy: solar and gas, plus a set of accumulation tanks and an absorption tower to provide conditioned air to an university building. The hybrid control is based on a model predictive control s...

A number of commercial processes are available for removing hydrogen sulfide (H2S) from natural gas, tail gas from the Claus Process (containing un-reactive sulfur compounds, particularly CS2 and COS), coke-oven gas, pyrolysis gas and solution tail gas from heavy oil production. These processes are often limited by economics and technology. In the economic range from about 0.1 to 15 tons sulfur...

This paper presents a universal engineering model, which can be used to formulate both counterflow and crossflow cooling towers. By using fundamental laws of mass and energy balance, the effectiveness of heat exchange is approximated by a second order polynomial equation. Gauss-Newton and Levenberg-Marquardt methods are then used to determine the coefficients from manufactures data. Compared wi...

the world largest adobe citadel in bam (arg-e bam) was damaged seriously in the 26 december 2003 earthquake. since then many studies and researches have been done to restore this historical complex. one of the first structures in the citadel for which a restoration plan was prepared over a project was adobe tower no. 32. the objective of this project was studying the seismic behaviour of the to...

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Stability properties of “magnetic tower” jets propagating in the gravitationally stratified background have been examined by performing three-dimensional magnetohydrodynamic simulations. The current-carrying, Poynting flux-dominated magnetic tower jet, which possesses a highly wound helical magnetic field, is subject to the current-driven instability (CDI). We find that, under general physical ...

Based on space temperature field test in solid tower of extradosed cable-stayed bridge, the method to calculate the space temperature field in solid concrete bridge tower is put forward systematically. By defining a series of meteorological parameters and concrete thermal parameters, the bridge tower temperature distribution is gotten. Compared with the experimental data, error is found within ...

We examine the “homotopy coniveau tower” for a general cohomology theory on smooth k-schemes, satisfying some natural axioms, and give a new proof that the layers of this tower for K-theory agree with motivic cohomology. We show how these constructions lead to a tower of functors on the Morel-Voevodsky stable homotopy category, and identify this stable homotopy coniveau tower with Voevodsky’s s...

In steam power plants, any improvement in the cooling towers thermal performance will cause the condenser's temperature to decrease; which in turn enhances the power plant's efficiency. Due to water shortage, many power plants all around the world rely on natural draft dry cooling towers (Heller type). In these cooling towers, condenser's exit hot water is pumped to vertical or horizontal finne...