One of the most controversial conclusions to emerge from many of the first generation of integrated assessment models (IAMs) of climate policy was the perceived economic optimality of negligible near-term abatement of greenhouse gases. Typically, such studies were conducted using smoothly varying climate change scenarios or impact responses. Abrupt changes observed in the climatic record and do...

this paper presents an application of benders decomposition to deal with the complexities in the simultaneous generation expansion planning (gep) and transmission expansion planning (tep). unlike the power system operation fields of study, the power system planning methods are not expected to be fast. however, it is always preferable to speed up computations to provide more analysis options for...

In this paper we study various models for web graphs with respect to bounded expansion. All the deterministic models even have constant expansion, whereas the copying model has unbounded expansion. The most interesting case turns out to be the preferential attachment model — which we conjecture to have unbounded expansion, too.

Regime shifts have been reported in many marine ecosystems, and are often expressed as an abrupt change occurring in multiple physical and biological components of the system. In the Gulf of Alaska, a regime shift in the late 1970s was observed, indicated by an abrupt increase in sea surface temperature and major shifts in the catch of many fish species. A thorough understanding of the extent a...

We introduce a dynamic stabilization scheme universally applicable to unidirectional nonlinear coherent waves. By abruptly changing the waveguiding properties, breathing of wave packets subject modulation instability can be stabilized as result abrupt expansion homoclinic orbit and its fall into an elliptic fixed point (center). apply this concept Schr\"odinger equation framework show that Akhm...

We report the discovery of giant magnetostriction and huge negative thermal expansion (NTE) in itinerant-electron metamagnetic compound La0.85Ce0.15Fe12B6. This system presents multiple magnetic transformations, antiferromagnetic–ferromagnetic (AFM–FM) ferromagnetic–paramagnetic (FM–PM), driven by changes both external field temperature. The magnetic-field–dependent exhibits irreversible abrupt...

Physiologic principles underlying the differences in fetal hemoglobin (HbF) induction between acute and chronic states of erythroid expansion are poorly understood. Whereas abrupt erythroid expansion is characterized by a high proportion of reticulocytes coexpressing adult and fetal globin (F reticulocytes), HbF levels wane with chronic erythropoietic stimulation. To investigate this phenomenon...

One of the most controversial conclusions to emerge from many of the first generation of integrated assessment models (IAMs) of climate policy was the perceived economic optimality of negligible near-term abatement of greenhouse gases. Typically, such studies were conducted using smoothly varying climate change scenarios or impact responses. Abrupt changes observed in the climatic record and do...

Traditional motor learning studies focus on highly goal-oriented, volitional tasks that often do not readily generalize to real-world movements. The goal of this study was to investigate how different perturbation paradigms alter error-based learning outcomes in a highly automated task. Swallowing was perturbed with neck surface electrical stimulation that opposes hyo-laryngeal elevation in 25 ...

Nitrogen and argon isotopes in air trapped in a Greenland ice core (GISP2) show two prominent peaks in the interval 11,800–10,800 B.P., which indicate two large abrupt warming events. The first abrupt warming (10±4 °C) is the widely documented event at the end of the Younger Dryas. Here, we report on the second abrupt warming (4±1.5 °C), which occurred at the end of a short lived cooler interva...