Depending on the type of network, the RF based meter reading devices are realized as a simple transmitter or a more complex transceiver system. The former ones are transmitting data with a dedicated timing to a kind of interrogator, whereby the latter ones are sending data after being triggered by the interrogator. With these systems a bidirectional exchange of data, like confirmation of proper...

The mini Wright peak flow meter is a useful, portable instrument for field studies but being sensitive to air density will under-read at altitude. True peak expiratory flow will increase at altitude, however, because of the decreased air density, given that dynamic resistance is unchanged. The effect of simulated altitude on peak expiratory flow (PEF) was determined in six subjects with both th...

The close-enough arc routing problem (CEARP) has an interesting real-life application to routing for meter reading. In this article, we propose a new mathematical formulation for this problem. We analyze our formulation and compare it with two formulations in the literature. We also develop branch-and-cut algorithms to solve the problem to optimality. We present computational results for instan...

Existing electricity market segmentation analysis techniques only make use of limited consumption statistics (usually averages and variances). In this paper we use power demand distributions (PDDs) obtained from fine-grain smart meter data to perform market segmentation based on distributional clustering. We apply this approach to mining 8 months of readings from about 1000 US Google employees.

Abstract Supply interruptions are a common occurrence in water systems and particularly prevalent developing countries. During the system filling, air that entered into pipes when supply was closed is expelled through any fissures including service pipes. When meter installed, airflow can cause inaccuracies, over-reading, reliability issues. This paper investigates experimentally impact of on p...

Smart meters are assumed to contribute to energy conservation by providing updated consumption data to energy utilities, but, given their pervasive presence in consumers’ homes, they could also provide timely feedback to energy consumers/users. A precondition, however, is that smart meters are really usable to lay consumers. In the present study 40 participants were videorecorded while performi...

-Industrial wireless communication opens up many new possibilities for highly flexible and efficient solutions. In this paper use of GSM network is for energy metering system incorporating the widely used GSM network. In many countries GSM network is popular because of its vast coverage area & cost effectiveness. Using GSM as the medium for metering system provides a cheap, wireless, seamlessly...

The National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) has performed calibrations of gas flowmeters using piston and bell provers for three decades. Most of the meters calibrated have been either critical flow nozzles or laminar flowmeters since these meter types are generally chosen as the working standards or transfer standards by other flow calibration laboratories. Often the same meters ...

Methods by which patients can artificially produce raised peak flow measurements have been described. We recently observed a patient manipulating the peak flow meter in a way that had not been described before. A study was therefore undertaken to determine if this technique could repeatedly produce clinically significant changes in peak flow readings. Fifteen adults, using a mini-Wright peak fl...

The smart meter is an important intelligent device on the Smart Grid that has the capability to report information related to power consumption, billing and other significant readings. The protection of smart meter communications against attacks is essential to ensure reliable operations of the Smart Grid. In this paper, we give an overview of smart meter applications, and we discuss the securi...