atmospheric visibility is a key factor in everyday life mainly in aviation, industry and surface traffic. it has been defined as the greatest distance at which an observer can just see a black object viewed against the horizon sky which is known as the visual range. furthermore, light extinction which is mostly due to absorption and scattering effects of aerosols in the atmosphere, can be calcu...

a knowledge of rainfall distribution over a finite area is needed for small bydraulic structures design. hydrologists have always been concerned about depth- area- duration (dad) for a specific storm in a watershed. an intense storm occurred on june 6, 1992 which claimed some lives in parts of mashhad, khorasan province, iran. data of rainfall depth at 29 raingauge stations around the city and ...

The unavailability of a dedicated website for the new Muscat International Airport has resulted in the unavailability of a web-based car park booking & management systems for the customers and a management information system for the staff of the new airport. A website including a car park booking & management systems and a staff web-portal management information system that are dedicated to the...

Discussion Papers are a series of manuscripts in their draft form. They are not intended for circulation or distribution except as indicated by the author. For that reason Discussion Papers may not be reproduced or distributed without the written consent of the author. Abstract Despite the airport privatization and deregulation trend in recent years, whether or not the privatized or commerciali...

Closed-form solutions were developed to optimize kinematics design of a 2-degree-of-freedom (2DOF) planar parallel manipulator. The optimum design based on the workspace was presented. Meanwhile, a global, comprehensive conditioning index was introduced to evaluate the kinematic designs. The optimal parallel manipulator is incorporated into a 5-DOF hybrid machine tool which includes a 2-DOF rot...

BACKGROUND Assessing the clinical effectiveness of measuring grip strength as a prognostic tool in recovering ambulation in bed-confined frail elderly patients. METHODS A prospective study was carried out with 50 elderly inpatients (mean age: 81.6 years old). Manual muscle test was used for checking strength of hip flexor muscles, hip abductor muscles and knee extensor muscles. Grip strength ...

Limitation in airport runway throughput naturally constrains traffic capacity. For this reason, the increasing demand on capacity ultimately will require airport expansion to increase the number of runways and associated taxiways. Often the airport expansion plans necessitate an increase in the complexity of surface traffic, leading to a decrease in surface traffic efficiency, which is reflecte...

With the slogan, “Leading the World in IT Airport Applications e-Airport”, an experimental service was recently conducted at Japan's gateway to the world, the New Tokyo International Airport (hereinafter referred to as “Narita Airport”), to provide on the day flight information about aircraft arriving and departing, as well as railroad access information, which was accessible using a mobile pho...