We report the complete nucleotide sequence and analysis of pETBTY825, a Staphylococcus aureus TY825 plasmid encoding exfoliative toxin B (ETB). S. aureus TY825 is a clinical isolate obtained from an impetigo patient in 2002. The size of pETBTY825, 60.6 kbp, was unexpectedly larger than that of the archetype pETBTY4 (∼30 kbp). Genomic comparison of the plasmids shows that pETBTY825 has the arche...

We studied a collection of 105 clinical enterobacteria with unusual phenotypes of quinolone susceptibility to analyze the occurrence of plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance (PMQR) and oqx genes and their implications for quinolone susceptibility. The oqxA and oqxB genes were found in 31/34 (91%) Klebsiella pneumoniae and 1/3 Klebsiella oxytoca isolates. However, the oqxA- and oqxB-harboring is...

Recently, several plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance (PMQR) genes conferring low levels of quinolone resistance have been discovered. To evaluate the temporal change in the prevalence of PMQR genes over a decade in a tertiary hospital in the Republic of Korea, we selected every fifth isolate of Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae and every third isolate of Enterobacter cloacae between...

BACKGROUND Enterococci are important pathogens in nosocomial infections. Various types of antibiotics, such as aminoglycosides, are used for treatment of these infections. Enterococci can acquire resistant traits, which can lead to therapeutic problems with aminoglycosides. OBJECTIVES This study was designed to identify the prevalence of, and to compare, the aac(6')-aph(2") and aph(3)-IIIa ge...

30 We studied a collection of 105 clinical enterobacteria with unusual phenotypes of 31 quinolone susceptibility to analyze the occurrence of plasmid mediated quinolone resistance 32 (PMQR) and oqx genes and their implications on quinolone susceptibility. The oqxA and 33 oqxB genes were found in 31/34 (91%) Klebsiella pneumoniae and 1/3 Klebsiella oxytoca. 34 However, the oqxA/oqxB-harboring is...

AAC 00650-13 version 2 1 2 Susceptibility to Alternative Oral Antimicrobial Agents in Relation to Sequence Type 3 ST131 Status and Co-resistance Phenotype Among Recent Escherichia coli Isolates 4 from U.S. Veterans 5 6 James R. Johnson, Sarah M. Drawz, Stephen Porter, and Michael A. Kuskowski 7 8 Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Minneapolis, MN, and University of Minnesota, 9 Minneapolis, MN 10...

Inflammation of the gallbladder without evidence of calculi is known as acute acalculous cholecystitis (AAC). AAC is frequently associated with a poor prognosis and a high mortality rate. Thus, early diagnosis and prompt surgical intervention has been recommended to improve the outcome of AAC. Herein, I present a case report of AAC complicating laparoscopic appendicectomy. Unlike previous studi...

Aminoglycosides are a group of antibiotics used since the 1940s to primarily treat a broad spectrum of bacterial infections. The primary resistance mechanism against these antibiotics is enzymatic modification by aminoglycoside-modifying enzymes that are divided into acetyl-transferases, phosphotransferases, and nucleotidyltransferases. To overcome this problem, new semisynthetic aminoglycoside...

Resistance patterns against various antimicrobial agents including beta-lactams, aminoglycosides, tetracyclines, fluoroquinolones, macrolides were examined for 58 strains of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) isolated at Hiroshima University Hospital from April to November 1992. All the MRSA strains produced type II-coagulase but not beta-lactamase. Regarding aminoglycoside-modi...