u = a(x) + b(x)v, (3) where b(x) is a nonsingular matrix, and v ∈ Rp is a transformed or virtual input, so that the inputoutput response between v and y is linear. This requirement is called input-output linearization because only the input-output map h is made linear. On the other hand, full state linearization refers to the case when the whole state x must be “linearized”. Linearization of th...

Histone deacetylases (Hdacs) are transcriptional repressors with crucial roles in mammalian development. Here we provide evidence that Hdac8 specifically controls patterning of the skull by repressing a subset of transcription factors in cranial neural crest cells. Global deletion of Hdac8 in mice leads to perinatal lethality due to skull instability, and this is phenocopied by conditional dele...

Key points • TB in prisons is a major public health problem in many settings, particularly in countries with a high incidence of TB. • The TB notification rate in prisons ranges from 11 to 81 times higher than in the general population. The situation is worsened by the emergence and spread of drug-resistant TB, particularly multidrug-resistant (MDR) and extensively drug-resistant (XDR) TB. • Pr...

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