Objectives To determine factors associated with the passage of coins. To determine the need for repeat preoperative chest x-ray (CXR) for esophageal coin foreign body. Setting Academic tertiary care center. Design Case series with chart review. Subjects and Methods Patient information was retrieved from an Institutional Review Board-approved database. We identified 1359 children with esophageal...

We use Markov chains and numerical linear algebra — and several CPU hours — to determine the expected number of coins in a person’s possession under certain conditions. We identify the spending strategy that results in the minimum possible expected number of coins, and we consider two other strategies which are more realistic.

Two cases of multiple foreign bodies, i. e., duplex coins in the esophagus are reported. These foreign bodies were removed by peroral esophagoscopy successfully. Significance of roentgenray diagnosis is emphasized, and subtle and yet specific roentgenograms of duplex coins in the esophagus are illustrated. ∗PMID: 4254202 [PubMed indexed for MEDLINE] Copyright c ©OKAYAMA UNIVERSITY MEDICAL SCHOO...

This paper describes the coins (COnstraint-based INteractive Solving) system: a conflict-based constraint solver. It helps understanding inconsistencies, simulates constraint additions and/or retractions (without any propagation), determines if a given constraint belongs to a conflict and provides diagnosis tools (eg. why variable v cannot take value val). coins also uses user-friendly represen...

We investigate a coin-weighing puzzle that appeared in the all-Russian Mathematics Olympiad in 2000. The methods of analysis differ from classical coin-weighing puzzles. We generalize the puzzle by varying the number of participating coins, and deduce a complete solution. Perhaps surprisingly, the objective can be achieved in no more than two weighings regardless of the number of coins involved.

We establish fun parallels between coin-weighing puzzles and knights-

One of the common monuments in the Sassanid era was the square dome. Interestingly, corners and parts of the square dome were always geometrically proportionate to each other. Square domes have been mainly studied in terms of their historical background as well as the materials used. The present research, however, aimed to examine the geometric proportions governing the formation of square dome...