Advances in detector sensitivity and improvements in instrument design have recently provided scientists with tools to probe single molecules with light, and monitor their photophysical properties with exquisite sensitivity and spatial as well as temporal resolution. Spectroscopic and temporal information is used to explore molecular structure, conformational dynamics, local environment and int...

Derbent antik şehri, Azerbaycan'ın en önemli şehirlerinden biri olarak bilinmektedir. Derbent'in jeostratejik konumu, yabancı işgalcilerin dikkatini sürekli çekmiştir. Şehir, Sasani-Hazar ve Arap-Hazar savaşlarında belirleyici bir konumunda olmuştur. savaşları yaklaşık 100 yıl sürmüştür. Derbent, Azerbaycan topraklarına saldıran Hilafet ordularının dikkat odağındaydı. Derbent'e ilk saldırının H...

Desde diciembre del 2019 emergió la infección por coronavirus en el mundo, cual se declaró pandemia Organización Mundial de Salud (OMS) 11 marzo 2020. Se estableció como epicentro ciudad Wuhan, capital provincia Hubei, China (1). Rápidamente identificó agente causal esta enfermedad, un betacoronavirus conocido síndrome respiratorio agudo severo 2 (SARS-CoV-2) (2). Al corte 05 junio 2020, Centro...

R. Gaudoin,1,* I. G. Gurtubay,2,3 and J. M. Pitarke2,4 1Faculty of Physics, University of Vienna, and Center for Computational Materials Science, Sensengasse 8/12, A-1090 Vienna, Austria 2Materia Kondentsatuaren Fisika Saila, Zientzia eta Teknologia Fakultatea, Euskal Herriko Unibertsitatea, UPV/EHU, 644 Posta kutxatila, E-48080 Bilbo, Basque Country, Spain 3Donostia International Physics Cente...

We present a term rewrite system that formallymodels theMessage Authenticator Algorithm (MAA), which was one of the first cryptographic functions for computing a Message Authentication Code and was adopted, between 1987 and 2001, in international standards (ISO 8730 and ISO 8731-2) to ensure the authenticity and integrity of banking transactions. Our term rewrite system is large (13 sorts, 18 c...