Purpose: We compared the metabolic profiles and the association between LDH-A expression and lactate production in two isogenic murine breast cancer cell lines and tumors (67NR and 4T1). These cell lines were derived from a single mammary tumor and have different growth and metabolic phenotypes. Experimental Design: LDH-A expression, lactate concentration, glucose utilization and oxygen consump...

Recent development of tumor resistance to paclitaxel presents a major problem to cancer treatment. An unsettled controversy in the cancer chemotherapy field, however, is whether caspases play a prominent role in paclitaxel-induced death in tumors. Previous studies suggest that cleavage of caspase-3 is not instrumental for the execution of death in tumors treated with paclitaxel, while other rep...

BACKGROUND As therapies for systemic cancer improve and patients survive longer, the risk for brain metastases increases. We evaluated whether immune mechanisms are involved in the development of brain metastasis. METHODS We conducted our studies using BALB/c mice bearing syngeneic 4T1 mammary adenocarcinoma cells in the mammary gland. RESULTS The brains of mice bearing 4T1 tumors at day 14...

Bone marrow mesenchymal stromal cells (BMMSC) have antitumorigenic activities. Here, we hypothesized that circulating BMMSC are incorporated into tumors and protect tumor cells from therapy-induced apoptosis. Adherent cells harvested from murine bone marrow and expressing phenotypic and functional characteristics of BMMSC were tested for their antitumor activity against murine 4T1 mammary adeno...

Monocytes and myeloid derived suppressor cells (MDSC) have been implicated on the regulation of tumor growth. Histamine is also important for regulating MDSC responses. Oral administration of the H2 receptor antagonist ranitidine can inhibit breast tumor growth and metastasis. In the current study, we examined the impact of oral ranitidine treatment, at a clinically relevant dose, on multiple m...

Colchicine as a vascular disrupting agent creates microtubule destabilization whichinduces vessel blockage and consequently cell death. Accordingly, colchicines and itsanalogues radiolabeled with 99mTc may have potential for visualization of tumor. In this work,deacetylcolchicine a colchicine analogue was labeled with 99mTc via tricine as a coligandand characterized for its tumor targeting prop...

Epidemiological studies have indicated increased risk for breast cancer within 10 years of childbirth. Acute inflammation during mammary involution has been suggested to promote this parity-associated breast cancer. We report here that estrogen exacerbates mammary inflammation during involution. Microarray analysis shows that estrogen induces an extensive proinflammatory gene signature in the i...

Obesity prevalence is increasing worldwide and is accompanied by low-grade inflammation with macrophage infiltration, which is linked with a poorer breast cancer prognosis. Lunasin is a natural seed peptide with chemopreventive properties and multiple bioactivities. This is the first study to explore the chemopreventive effects of lunasin in the obesity-related breast cancer condition using 4T1...

Colchicine as a vascular disrupting agent creates microtubule destabilization whichinduces vessel blockage and consequently cell death. Accordingly, colchicines and itsanalogues radiolabeled with 99mTc may have potential for visualization of tumor. In this work,deacetylcolchicine a colchicine analogue was labeled with 99mTc via tricine as a coligandand characterized for its tumor targeting prop...

BACKGROUND Magnetic fluids containing superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles represent an attractive platform as nanocarriers in chemotherapy. Recently, we developed a formulation of maghemite nanoparticles coated with rhodium (II) citrate, which resulted in in vitro cytotoxicity enhanced up to 4.6 times when compared to free rhodium (II) citrate formulation on breast carcinoma cells. In th...